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The Beckman clinical classification of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) [41].
| Classification | Clinical Manifestation |
|---|---|
| No AMD | No drusen and no RPE abnormalities |
| Normal aging changes | Drusen ≤ 63 μm and no RPE abnormalities |
| Early AMD | Drusen > 63 μm and ≤125 μm and no RPE abnormalities |
| Intermediate AMD | Drusen > 125 μm and/or RPE abnormalities |
| Late AMD | GA and/or neovascular AMD |
Abbreviations: AMD: age-related macular degeneration; GA: geographic atrophy; RPE: retinal pigment epithelium.
