Table 2.

NLRP3 inflammasome targeting study of single compound in AD and PD.

Origin of Extraction	Target Indication	Cell or Animal Model	Inducer	Mode of Action and Target Signal	Ref.
Baicalin	AD	SH-SY5Y cells APP/PS1 mice	Aβ1–42 Transgenes	↓ Memory impairment, microglial activation, IL-18, iNOS, IL-1β, caspase-3, apoptosis, NLRP3, caspase-1, p-p65, p-IκB, TLR4	[51]
Flavocoxid	AD	3xTg-AD mice	Transgenes	↓ Aβ deposition, PGE-2, LTB-4, NLRP3, IL-1β, p-APP, presenilin-1, p-Tau, p-ERK 1/2, Bax ↑ Cognitive functions, Bcl-2,Bcl-xL	[33]
Dihydromyricetin	AD	BV-2 cells APP/PS1 mice	Aβ1–42 Transgenes	↓ Aβ deposition, microglia activation, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, TNF-α, cognitive deficits ↑ Aβ clearance	[52]
Resveratrol	AD	Kunming mice	Aβ1-42	↓ Learning and memory impairments, NF-κB, IL-1β, NLRP3 ↑ SIRT1, AMPK, PGC-1α, neuronal integrity	[53]
Astaxanthin	AD	APP/PS1 mice	Transgene	↓ β deposition, nicastrin, NO, p-tau, microglial activation, IL-1β, TNF-α, Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β ↑ BACE, SOD, p-GSK3β,	[54,55]
Tenuigenin	PD	BV-2 cells B6 mice	LPS 1-methyl-4-henyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine	↓ NLRP3, IL-1β, caspase-1, ROS ↑ Locomotor activity, dopamine, tyrosine hydroxylase	[55]