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. 2021 Jan 22;21(3):736. doi: 10.3390/s21030736

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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(A) Schematic representation of the electrocatalytic aptamer/PEG-based assay for HER-2/neu and voltammograms recorded with the aptamer/PEG-modified electrode in (1) MB and (2) MB and K₃[Fe(CN)₆] solutions, scan rate 0.1 V s⁻¹ (inset: 5 V s⁻¹) [103]. Specific binding sites and change of the aptamer conformation upon binding are not shown. (B) Silver-enhanced hybrid sandwich immunoassay with hydrazine-modified AuNP tags [105]. (C) Cellulase-linked sandwich immunoassay on MBs modified (a) with a capture antibody or an aptamer, (b) HER-2/neu, (c) a reporter antibody or aptamer and (d) cellulase, and dependence of the sensor response on the concentration of (1,3,4) HER-2/neu and (2) serum albumin for (1,2) Ab-(protein)-Ab-MBs, (3) aptamer-(protein)-Ab-MBs, and (4) aptamer-(protein)-aptamer-MBs sandwiches [107]. Copyright (2017) Wiley, copyright (2013) American Chemical Society and copyright (2019) Elsevier, reprinted with permissions.