Table 2.

Negative binomial multivariate models of the impact of targeted IRS with pirimiphos-methyl on An. funestus and An. gambiae counts per household over the entire study area, using robust standard errors and generalized estimating equations clustered by household, N = 1,724

	An. funestus			An. gambiae
	IRR	95% CI	P-value	IRR	95% CI	P-value
Post-IRS	0.49	(0.30, 0.82)	0.007	0.60	(0.44, 0.80)	0.001
HH within 500 m (by 100 HH)	0.66	(0.54, 0.81)	< 0.001	0.82	(0.75, 0.89)	< 0.001
Elevation (by 10 m)	0.53	(0.46, 0.61)	< 0.001	–	–	–
Slope	0.88	(0.80, 0.97)	0.007	–	–	–
NDVI (by 10%)	1.24	(1.03, 1.49)	0.02	–	–	–
Lakeside	0.24	(0.14, 0.41)	< 0.001	0.29	(0.16, 0.50)	< 0.001
Distance from Lake Mweru (in 1,000 km)	–		–	0.83	(0.77, 0.89)	< 0.001
Distance from roads (in 100 m)	0.80	(0.74, 0.86)	< 0.001	0.82	(0.75, 0.91)	< 0.001
Distance from cat. 1 streams (in km)	0.49	(0.31, 0.98)	0.003	0.56	(0.41, 0.78)	< 0.001
Lagged rainfall (by 10 mm) *	0.27	(0.16, 0.48)	< 0.001	–	–	–
Lagged rainfall (by 10 mm) †	0.62	(0.39, 0.96)	0.03	–	–	–
Lagged rainfall (by 10 mm) ‡	–	–	–	0.67	(0.48, 0.94)	0.02
Lagged rainfall (by 10 mm) §	–	–	–	2.33	(1.40, 3.86)	0.001
Lagged maximum temperature (in C°) *	1.08	(1.01, 1.16)	0.03	–	–	–
Lagged maximum temperature (in C°)∥	0.80	(0.69, 0.92)	0.003	–	–	–
Lagged maximum temperature (in C°) ¶	–	–	–	0.81	(0.73, 0.90)	< 0.001
Lagged minimum temperature (in C°) ¶	–	–	–	1.30	(1.20, 1.41)	< 0.001

An. funestus = Anopheles funestus; An. gambiae = Anopheles gambiae; IRS = indoor residual spraying; IRR = incidence rate ratio; HH = household; NDVI = normalized difference vegetation index. Entries in italics have P-values < 0.05.

^*Interval = 2 weeks, lag = 2 weeks.

^†Interval = 2 weeks, lag = 4 weeks.

^‡Interval = 1 week, lag = 2 weeks.

^§Interval = 7 weeks, lag = 3 weeks.

^∥Interval = 8 weeks, lag = 4 weeks.

^¶Interval = 4 weeks, lag = 3 weeks.