Table 4.
Factors associated with attitudes and perceptions toward COVID-19 and face-mask use
| Demographics | Comfortably wear face-mask indefinitely if COVID-19, persists | Mask is a good protective measure | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age-group (years) | ||||||||
| 14–23 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 24–33 | 1.14 (0.65–2.00) | 0.640 | – | – | 0.84 (0.39–1.84) | 0.670 | 0.84 (0.37–1.90) | 0.667 |
| 34–43 | 0.82 (0.46–1.47) | 0.509 | – | – | 1.28 (0.54–3.03) | 0.573 | 1.32 (0.54–3.23) | 0.541 |
| 44–53 | 1.90 (0.96–3.76) | 0.064 | – | – | 1.23 (0.48–3.13) | 0.669 | 1.13 (0.43–2.97) | 0.801 |
| 54–63 | 1.23 (0.51–2.97) | 0.653 | – | – | 1.50 (0.38–5.94) | 0.564 | 1.26 (0.304–5.17) | 0.753 |
| 64–73 | 1.79 (0.34–9.27) | 0.489 | – | – | 0.18 (0.04–0.80) | 0.025 | 0.17 (0.03–0.82) | 0.027 |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Female | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Male | 0.83 (0.60–1.16) | 0.280 | – | – | 0.61 (0.38–0.97) | 0.041 | 0.66 (0.40–1.09) | 0.104 |
| Education level | ||||||||
| Complete secondary | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Complete primary | 1.83 (0.92–3.62) | 0.083 | – | – | 3.64 (1.03–12.78) | 0.044 | 3.40 (0.95–12.23) | 0.061 |
| Incomplete primary | 1.69 (0.83–3.41) | 0.146 | – | – | 1.07 (0.44–2.63) | 0.870 | 1.32 (0.50–3.49) | 0.573 |
| Incomplete secondary | 1.29 (0.80–2.08) | 0.296 | – | – | 1.50 (0.77–2.95) | 0.234 | 1.52 (0.76–3.09) | 0.235 |
| No formal education | 1.48 (0.58–3.81) | 0.406 | – | – | 0.74 (0.25–2.20) | 0.586 | 0.86 (0.27–2.74) | 0.809 |
| Technical/vocational | 1.31 (0.58–3.00) | 0.512 | – | – | 0.68 (0.26–1.78) | 0.430 | 0.73 (0.27–1.93) | 0.522 |
| University/tertiary | 0.91 (0.56–1.50) | 0.724 | – | – | 1.09 (0.55–2.15) | 0.802 | 0.97 (0.49–1.94) | 0.937 |
| Religion | ||||||||
| Catholic | 1.64 (0.47–5.80) | 0.440 | – | – | 2.40 (0.49–11.85) | 0.282 | – | – |
| Moslem | 0.92 (0.26–3.35) | 0.906 | – | – | 0.76 (0.15–3.73) | 0.731 | – | – |
| SDA | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Pentecostal/born again | 1.45 (0.39–5.47) | 0.579 | – | – | 1.51 (0.28–8.03) | 0.628 | – | – |
| Protestant | 1.05 (0.30–3.75) | 0.929 | – | – | 1.65 (0.34–8.12) | 0.537 | – | – |
| Other religions | 0.29 (0.02–4.24) | 0.363 | – | – | 0.44 (0.02–7.67) | 0.577 | – | – |
| Site category | ||||||||
| Hospital | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Police station | 0.57 (0.31–1.03) | 0.061 | – | – | 0.69 (0.28–1.68) | 0.412 | – | – |
| Market | 0.67 (0.39–1.18) | 0.167 | – | – | 0.59 (0.26–1.34) | 0.205 | – | – |
| Received information on face-mask use | ||||||||
| No | 1.58 (1.11–2.23) | 0.011 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Yes | – | – | – | – | 2.01 (1.26–3.21) | 0.004 | 1.83 (1.11–3.02) | 0.018 |
OR = odds ratio.