Table 2.
Isolation of TB or NTM from autopsy samples of African HIV patients in the antiretroviral therapy era
| First author, published year | Number of autopsies | Number of NTM culture or PCR | Number of TB culture or PCR | Prevalence of NTM (%) | Prevalence of TB (%) | Percentage of NTM as total mycobacterial infection (%) | Number of MAC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bates et al.16 | 34 | 1 | 4 | 2.9 | 11.8 | 20.0 | Not specified |
| Martinson et al.17 | 47 | 2 | 19 | 4.3 | 40.4 | 9.5 | Two DMAC* |
| Cohen et al.18 | 226 | 3 | 110 | 1.3 | 48.7 | 2.7 | Not specified |
| Wong et al.19 | 39 | 1 | 13 | 2.6 | 33.3 | 7.1 | One DMAC† |
| Karat et al.20 | 34 | 3 | 12 | 8.8 | 35.3 | 20.0 | Three DMAC‡ |
| Omar et al.21 | 11 | 3 | 2 | 27.3 | 18.2 | 60.0 | One pulmonary MAC |
DMAC = disseminated MAC; MAC = Mycobacterium avium complex; NTM = nontuberculous mycobacteria; TB = tuberculosis.
*
Two DMAC isolates were recovered from the spleen.
†
One DMAC isolate was recovered from the spleen.
‡
Organs from which the three DMAC isolates were recovered were not specified.