Table 3.
Evolution of body composition and muscle function after 6 and 12 months of treatment.
| Control | p C | TNFi | p T | Non-TNFi | p N | p CT | p CN | p TN | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 29.0 ± 6.8 | 26.7 ± 6.4 | 25.3 ± 3.2 | ||||||
| M6 (n = 18/46/18) | 29.0 ± 7.1 | 0.67 | 26.9 ± 6.5 | 0.71 | 25.3 ± 3.2 | 0.69 | 0.92 | 0.99 | 0.91 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 29.0 ± 6.9 | 0.88 | 27.0 ± 6.5 | 0.12 | 25.2 ± 3.3 | 0.97 | 0.35 | 0.95 | 0.38 |
| Total fat mass (kg) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 26.5 ± 12.8 | 25.3 ± 12.2 | 20.2 ± 7.1 | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 26.0 ± 12.8 | 0.27 | 26.6 ± 12.5 | 0.26 | 21.6 ± 7.4 | 0.069 | 0.65 | 0.49 | 0.17 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 27.0 ± 12.6 | 0.22 | 25.4 ± 11.5 | 0.77 | 20.6 ± 7.4 | 0.73 | 0.33 | 0.58 | 0.84 |
| Total fat mass (%) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 30.2 ± 10.9 | 32.8 ± 8.3 | 29.6 ± 7.9 | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 29.8 ± 9.3 | 0.47 | 34.0 ± 8.0 | 0.36 | 32.6 ± 6.5 | 0.016 | 0.96 | 0.14 | 0.075 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 30.7 ± 10.1 | 0.55 | 32.5 ± 8.4 | 0.60 | 30.1 ± 7.9 | 0.57 | 0.48 | 0.94 | 0.43 |
| FMI (kg/m2) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 9.5 ± 5.3 | 9.4 ± 4.5 | 8.8 ± 4.9 | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 9.2 ± 4.8 | 0.46 | 9.9 ± 4.7 | 0.11 | 8.6 ± 2.6 | 0.59 | 0.65 | 0.57 | 0.58 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 9.7 ± 5.3 | 0.42 | 9.5 ± 4.4 | 0.57 | 7.9 ± 2.8 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.18 | 0.20 |
| Trunk/peripheral FM ratio | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 1.00 ± 0.34 | 0.88 ± 0.22 | 0.95 ± 0.34 | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 1.02 ± 0.35 | 0.17 | 0.91 ± 0.23 | 0.16 | 0.95 ± 0.30 | 0.19 | 0.33 | 0.75 | 0.55 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 1.05 ± 0.31 | 0.12 | 0.90 ± 0.24 | 0.12 | 0.96 ± 0.30 | 0.62 | 0.27 | 0.33 | 0.76 |
| VAT (cm2) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 141 [80; 179] | 90 [51; 137] | 98 [51; 139] | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 149 [45; 177] | 0.40 | 94 [58; 146] | 0.93 | 81 [51; 140] | 0.024 | 0.55 | 0.18 | 0.043 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 157 [72; 187] | 0.033 | 92 [61; 133] | 0.99 | 74 [58; 147] | 0.99 | 0.16 | 0.21 | 0.99 |
| SAT (cm2) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 317 [243; 494] | 291 [212; 449] | 270 [196; 348] | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 296 [244; 451] | 0.16 | 324 [244; 467] | 0.003 | 250 [212; 394] | 0.31 | 0.61 | 0.97 | 0.61 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 323 [219; 522] | 0.15 | 323 [224; 466] | 0.042 | 265 [199; 369] | 0.74 | 0.97 | 0.26 | 0.17 |
| VAT/SAT ratio | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 0.32 [0.25; 0.67] | 0.29 [0.23; 0.36] | 0.30 [0.24; 0.51] | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 0.32 [0.21; 0.59] | 0.80 | 0.29 [0.20; 0.37] | 0.45 | 0.28 [0.24; 0.36] | 0.052 | 0.98 | 0.16 | 0.017 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 0.34 [0.28; 0.55] | 0.95 | 0.28 [0.23; 0.37] | 0.91 | 0.34 [0.21; 0.52] | 0.50 | 0.98 | 0.63 | 0.44 |
| Total lean mass (kg) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 58.7 ± 13.7 | 49.6 ± 10.8 | 47.7 ± 11.0 | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 58.0 ± 13.2 | 0.53 | 49.5 ± 10.7 | 0.63 | 43.3 ± 7.4 | 0.026 | 0.50 | 0.21 | 0.053 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 59.0 ± 14.5 | 0.76 | 50.7 ± 11.3 | 0.015 | 47.4 ± 10.9 | 0.49 | 0.26 | 0.48 | 0.062 |
| FFMI (kg/m2) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/17) | 20.2 ± 3.3 | 18.1 ± 2.9 | 17.8 ± 2.1 | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 20.0 ± 3.2 | 0.57 | 18.2 ± 2.9 | 0.61 | 17.3 ± 2.0 | 0.072 | 0.52 | 0.38 | 0.16 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 20.4 ± 3.5 | 0.50 | 18.5 ± 3.2 | 0.013 | 18.0 ± 2.2 | 0.75 | 0.35 | 0.79 | 0.23 |
| SMI (kg/m2) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 8.7 ± 1.7 | 7.7 ± 1.4 | 7.5 ± 1.1 | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 8.7 ± 1.4 | 0.87 | 7.7 ± 1.4 | 0.47 | 7.2 ± 1.0 | 0.12 | 0.62 | 0.39 | 0.092 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 8.8 ± 1.8 | 0.42 | 7.9 ± 1.5 | 0.010 | 7.5 ± 1.1 | 0.83 | 0.65 | 0.44 | 0.12 |
| FMI/SMI ratio | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 18/47/18) | 1.11 ± 0.61 | 1.21 ± 0.48 | 1.18 ± 0.55 | ||||||
| M6 (n = 16/44/14) | 1.06 ± 0.56 | 0.94 | 1.27 ± 0.47 | 0.39 | 1.21 ± 0.38 | 0.96 | 0.69 | 0.92 | 0.66 |
| M12 (n = 18/47/18) | 1.12 ± 0.58 | 0.89 | 1.20 ± 0.47 | 0.68 | 1.08 ± 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.90 | 0.44 | 0.28 |
| Handgrip strength (kg) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 16/41/13) | 23.7 ± 13.6 | 13.5 ± 8.9 | 13.8 ± 12.1 | ||||||
| M6 (n = 15/39/16) | 23.6 ± 11.3 | 0.36 | 17.8 ± 9.5 | <0.001 | 17.4 ± 12.8 | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.82 | 0.21 |
| M12 (n = 16/43/14) | 26.6 ± 12.5 | 0.22 | 20.2 ± 10.6 | <0.001 | 15.9 ± 12.7 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.90 | 0.15 |
| 6 MWT (meters) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 14/35/15) | 485 [420; 511] | 435 [370; 540] | 490 [370; 540] | ||||||
| M6 (n = 13/37/14) | 482 [425; 560] | 0.86 | 477 [417; 550] | 0.006 | 535 [445; 606] | 0.067 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.88 |
| M12 (n = 16/44/14) | 495 [449; 597] | 0.11 | 508 [459; 562] | <0.001 | 483 [428; 564] | 0.36 | 0.87 | 0.61 | 0.081 |
| Sedentary (h/week) | |||||||||
| M0 (n = 13/33/11) | 28 [21; 56] | 42 [21; 84] | 42 [28; 53] | ||||||
| M6 (n = 13/27/11) | 28 [14; 42] | 0.45 | 42 [21; 63] | 0.43 | 28 [28; 42] | 0.84 | 0.66 | 0.65 | 0.79 |
| M12 (n = 12/25/9) | 35 [21; 63] | 0.41 | 42 [21; 70] | 0.52 | 42 [28; 53] | 0.36 | 0.31 | 0.99 | 0.32 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or as median [interquartile range]. All comparisons are adjusted on baseline characteristics: age, rheumatoid arthritis duration, erosive rheumatoid arthritis, and glucocorticoids. FFMI: fat-free mass index; FM: fat mass; FMI: fat mass index; SAT: subcutaneous adipose tissue; 6 MWT: 6-min walk test; SMI: skeletal muscle mass index; TNFi: tumor necrosis factor inhibitor; VAT: visceral adipose tissue. pC: subgroup analysis (Control) compared to M0; pT: subgroup analysis (TNFi) compared to M0; pN: subgroup analysis (Non-TNFi) compared to M0; pCT: interaction between time (compared to M0) and group (TNFi compared to Control); pCN: interaction between time (compared to M0) and group (Non-TNFi compared to Control); pTN: interaction between time (compared to M0) and group (Non-TNFi compared to TNFi).