Table 1.
Concentration of phenolic compounds (mg/g) quantified in grape varieties analyzed under different conditions. * fw: fresh weight; dw: dry weight; ** ECGc: Epigallocatechin gallate; -: this compound has not been analyzed during this research.
| Variety | Albariño | Chardonnay | Gewurtztraminer | Cabernet Sauvignon | Graciano | Malbec | Mencía | Merlot | Syrah (Bahia) | Syrah (Pernambrusco) | Cabernet Sauvignon | Feteasca Negra | |||
| Compounds/Reference | González de Peredo et al. [67] (mg/g fw *) | de Oliveira et al. [70] (mg/g fw *) | Brezoiu et al. [66] (mg/g fw *) | ||||||||||||
| Caffeic acid | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.001 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Caftaric acid | 0.357 | 0.443 | 0.267 | 0.406 | 0.161 | 0.426 | 0.482 | 0.249 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Catechin | 0.02 | 0.014 | 0.087 | 0.026 | 0.033 | 0.02 | 0.022 | 0.047 | - | - | 0.184 | - | |||
| Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.001 | 0.001 | - | - | |||
| Delphinidin 3-O-coumarylglucoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.001 | - | - | - | |||
| Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.002 | - | - | - | |||
| ECGc ** | 0.016 | - | 0.107 | 0.015 | 0.153 | 0.168 | 0.051 | 0.137 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Epicatechin | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.07 | - | - | 2.666 | 2.27 | |||
| Gallic acid | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.007 | 0.004 | 0.005 | - | - | 1.171 | 1.069 | |||
| Isorhamenetin 3-O-Glucoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Kaempferol | 0.192 | 0.191 | 0.193 | 0.193 | 0.214 | 0.194 | 0.198 | 0.189 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Myrcetin | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.172 | 0.055 | |||
| Peonidin 3-O-acetylglucoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.001 | - | - | |||
| Peonidin 3-O-coumarylglucoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.001 | 0.001 | - | - | |||
| Peonidin 3-O-glucoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.004 | - | - | - | |||
| Petunidin 3-O-coumarylglucoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.001 | - | - | |||
| Petunidin 3-O-glucoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.003 | 0.001 | - | - | |||
| trans-Piceid | 0.048 | 0.006 | 0.012 | 0.017 | 0.017 | 0.014 | 0.03 | 0.017 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Procyanidin A2 | 0.07 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.083 | 0.228 | 0.016 | 0.118 | 0.012 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Procyanidin B1 | 0.271 | 0.136 | 0.134 | 0.365 | 0.494 | 0.207 | 0.397 | 0.496 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Procyaidin B2 | 0.035 | 0.013 | 0.019 | 0.03 | 0.056 | 0.016 | 0.047 | 0.059 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Protocatechuic acid | 0.003 | - | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.002 | - | - | 0.451 | 0.489 | |||
| Quercetin 3-O-galactoside | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.007 | 0.011 | 0.018 | 0.019 | 0.013 | 0.008 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Quercetin 3-O-Glucoside | 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.005 | 0.012 | 0.016 | 0.008 | 0.003 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Quercetin 3-rhamnoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.002 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Rutin | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.532 | - | |||
| Syringic acid | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.031 | 1.917 | |||
| trans-Resveratrol | - | - | - | - | 0.003 | 0.001 | - | - | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.033 | 0.049 | |||
| Vanillic acid | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.368 | 1.088 | |||
| Variety | Cabernet Sauvignon | Jaen Tinto | Palomino Negro | Tempranillo | Tintilla de Rota | Cabernet Sauvignon | Canaiolo Nero | Colorino del Valdarno | Flogia Tonda | Merlot | Montepulciano | Sangiovese | Cabernet Sauvignon | Carmènéere | |
| Compounds/Reference | Guerrero et al. [52] (mg/g fw *) | Iacopini et al. [68] (mg/g dw *) | Obreque-Slier et al. [69] (mg/g dw *) | ||||||||||||
| Caftaric acid | 0.009 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.010 | 0.019 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.008 | 0.008 | |
| Catechin | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 1.418 | 1.407 | 1.244 | 0.674 | 1.388 | 2.057 | 0.969 | 0.051 | 0.031 | |
| trans-Coutaric acid | 0.006 | 0.010 | 0.009 | 0.007 | 0.012 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside | - | 0.007 | 0.037 | 0.015 | 0.036 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Cyanidin-3-p-coumaroylglucoside | - | - | 0.019 | - | 0.014 | ||||||||||
| Delphinidin 3-O-acetylglucoside | 0.021 | - | 0.018 | 0.01 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside | 0.046 | 0.028 | 0.197 | 0.107 | 0.098 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Epicatechin | - | 0.001 | - | 0.002 | - | 1.276 | 2.057 | 0.89 | 0.472 | 1.318 | 1.646 | 1.068 | - | - | |
| Gallic acid | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.033 | 0.034 | |
| Isorhamenetin 3-O-Glucoside | 0.027 | 0.013 | - | - | 0.031 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.125 | 0.226 | |
| Kaemperol 3-O-Galactoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.083 | 0.124 | |
| Kaemperol 3-O-Glucoside | 0.036 | 0.021 | 0.018 | 0.029 | 0.032 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.313 | 0.399 | |
| Malvidin 3-O-acetylglucoside | 0.552 | 0.137 | 0.067 | 0.049 | 0.153 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.004 | 0.003 | |
| Malvidin-3-caffeoylglucoside | 0.062 | 0.038 | 0.042 | - | 0.056 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Malvidin 3-O-coumarylglucoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.002 | 0.003 | |
| Malvidin 3-O-glucoside | 0.665 | 0.425 | 0.508 | 0.292 | 1.207 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.006 | 0.016 | |
| Malvidin-3-p-coumaroylglucoside (cis) | 0.018 | 0.011 | 0.078 | 0.059 | 0.021 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Malvidin-3-p-coumaroylglucoside (trans) | 0.22 | 0.144 | 0.222 | 0.22 | 0.427 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Myrcetin | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.104 | 0.151 | |
| Myricetin-3-O-glucuronide | 0.05 | 0.052 | 0.06 | 0.032 | 0.131 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Myricetin-3-O-glucoside | 0.098 | 0.056 | 0.059 | 0.178 | 0.079 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Peonidin 3-O-acetylglucoside | 0.029 | 0.015 | 0.016 | - | 0.043 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Peonidin 3-O-glucoside | 0.043 | 0.043 | 0.096 | 0.03 | 0.437 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Petunidin 3-O-acetylglucoside | 0.026 | - | 0.027 | 0.015 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Petunidin 3-O-glucoside | 0.051 | 0.042 | 0.179 | 0.091 | 0.119 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Petunidin-3-p-coumaroylglucoside | 0.021 | 0.016 | 0.067 | 0.056 | 0.029 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Procyaidin B3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.037 | 0.035 | |
| Quercetin | - | - | - | - | - | 0.006 | - | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.011 | - | - | |
| Quercetin 3-O-Galactoside | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.19 | 0.181 | |
| Quercetin 3-O-Glucoside | 0.07 | 0.032 | 0.041 | 0.115 | 0.103 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.095 | 1.812 | |
| Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside | 0.069 | 0.035 | 0.043 | 0.133 | 0.100 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Rutin | - | - | - | - | - | 0.886 | 0.413 | 0.403 | 0.604 | 0.899 | 0.532 | 1.491 | - | - | |
| Syringetin-3-O-glucoside | 0.067 | 0.023 | - | - | 0.062 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Syringic acid | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.015 | 0.031 | |
| trans-Caftaric acid | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.002 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| trans-Coutaric acid | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| trans-Resveratrol | - | - | - | - | - | 0.255 | 0.028 | 0.164 | 0.013 | 0.105 | 0.109 | 0.007 | - | - | |
| Vanillic acid | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.073 | 0.075 | |