Table 1.
Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics of participants
| Controls (n = 35) | NLNH (n = 35) | LVH (n = 33) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 51.34 ± 8.10 | 52.11 ± 7.95 | 51.94 ± 7.50 | 0.913 |
| Male sex (number) | 19 (54.3 %) | 18 (51.4 %) | 18 (54.5 %) | 0.959 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 71.77 ± 9.86 | 75.66 ± 7.92 | 75.94 ± 9.23 | 0.069 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.51 ± 2.20 | 22.17 ± 1.95 | 22.09 ± 1.76 | 0.651 |
| HD time (months) | 12 ± 3 | 27 ± 5# | < 0.001 | |
| Remove volume (kg) | 1.88 ± 1.00 | 52.55 ± 8.34 | 0.143 | |
| Dry weight (kg) | 50.80 ± 7.93 | 2.21 ± 0.80 | 0.380 | |
| SBP (mmHg) | 120.06 ± 5.72 | 146.06 ± 23.98* | 148.18 ± 15.86* | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 69.43 ± 5.94 | 86.40 ± 10.63* | 89.64 ± 9.16* | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine (µmol/L) | 63.86 ± 9.44 | 821.89 ± 182.04* | 877.15 ± 177.15* | < 0.001 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 66.74 ± 22.18 | 1212.06 ± 419.68* | 14551.06 ± 10831.02*# | < 0.001 |
| NYHA II-IV (cases) | 8 (23 %) | 32 (97 %)# | < 0.001 | |
| Cause of ESRD | ||||
| Glomerulonephritis (cases) | 17 (48.6 %) | 17 (51.5 %) | 0.808 | |
| Diabetic Nephropathy (cases) | 9 (25.7 %) | 7 (21.2 %) | 0.662 | |
| Hypertensive nephrosclerosis (cases) | 4 (11.4 %) | 4 (12.1 %) | 0.929 | |
| Polycystic kidney (cases) | 3 (8.6 %) | 2 (6.1 %) | 0.692 | |
| Unknown (case) | 2 (5.7 %) | 3 (9.1 %) | 0.594 | |
| Medication | ||||
| ACEI/ARB (case) | 18 (51 %) | 21 (64 %) | 0.309 | |
| Calcium channel blockers (case) | 22 (63 %) | 24 (73 %) | 0.385 | |
| β-Receptor blockers (case) | 14 (40 %) | 16 (49 %) | 0.481 | |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or number of subjects (%). Bold number: P < 0.05. *P < 0.05, vs. normal. #P < 0.05, vs. NLVH. BMI, body mass index; HD, hemodialysis; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; ESRD: end-stage renal disease