Table 2.

Characteristics of the included studies for target AUC/MIC based on effectiveness

Study	Design of study	Country	Duration of study	Age of patients	Patient’s condition	Definition of AUC values	Target AUC/MIC breakpoint
Zelenitsky 2013 [40]	Retrospective	Canada, America, Saudi Arabia	1996–2005	≥18 Mean ± SD: 55.9 ± 16.7	MRSA-associated septic shock	Values calculated (i) within the first 72 h of therapy based on the measured and extrapolated serum levels, and (ii) at steady-state using the daily dose divided by the population pharmacokinetic model derived vancomycin clearance	≥ 451
Ghosh 2014 [22]	Retrospective	Australia	2006–2012	> 18 Median (range): 64.6 (22–95)	MRSA bacteremia	D/(CLcr × 0.79) + 15.4] × 0.06	≥ 398
Jung 2014 [41]	Retrospective	Korea	2009–2012	≥18 Median (IQR): 69 (34–93)	MRSA bacteremia	Values estimated fitting vancomycin serum levels to a two-compartment volume clearance model using the maximum a posteriori probability Bayesian approach	≥ 398.5
Song 2015 [23]	Prospective	Korea	2005–2007	≥18 Median (IQR): 67 (53–75)	MRSA bacteremia	The total vancomycin dose in milligrams for 24 h over the vancomycin clearance	≥ 392.7
Makmor-bakry 2019 [42]	Retrospective	Malaysia	N/A	≥18 Mean ± SD: 59.2 ± 14.5	MRSA bacteremia	Values estimated from the trough level and published vancomycin population PK values	≥ 400

D vancomycin dosage in mg/24 h, CLcr estimated creatinine clearance, N/A not available