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Incidence of pneumonia
| Paper | Outcomes | Surgical group | Non-surgical group | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tanaka et al. [11] | (n = 18) | (n = 19) | ||
| Pneumonia (day 7) | 1 | 3 | NS | |
| Pneumonia (day 21) | 4 | 17 | < 0.05 | |
| Marasco et al. [12] | (n = 23) | (n = 23) | ||
| Pneumonia | 11 | 17 | 0.07 | |
| Malhotra et al. [14] | (n = 13) | (n = 11) | ||
| N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Liu et al. [13] | (n = 25) | (n = 25) | ||
| Pneumonia | 12 | 20 | 0.038 |
