Table 7.
Medicinal plants of Iran ethnobotany.
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Family | Traditional Use | Part Used | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allium paradoxum | Alezi | Liliaceae | Acne, food flavoring | Raw vegetable | [161,163] |
| Allium ascalonicum | Not mentioned | Alliaceae | Diabetes | Not mentioned | [166] |
| Allium sativum | Sarimsaq, sir | Alliaceae | Diabetes, digestive system, blood fat, rabies | Bulb | [166,167,168] |
| Arctium lappa | Palvarg | Asteraceae | Antiscorbutic, antioxidant, blood purifiers, constipation, diuretic, disinfectant, gout | Berries, leaf, root | [169] |
| Buxus hyrcana | Shemshad | Buxaceae | Broken bone, toothache | Leaf | [167] |
| Calendula officinalis | Marigold, HamisheBahar | Asteraceae | Blood cleanser, eczema, dermal disorders, sudorific | Flower | [168,170] |
| Camellia sinensis | Chai Sabz | Theaceae | Anticancer, blood pressure, antihyperlipidemia, hepatitis, obesity | Leaf | [168,170] |
| Convolvulus persicus | Not mentioned | Convolvulaceae | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | [72] |
| Cinnamomum zeylanicum | Darchin | Lauraceae | Antibacterial, antioxidant, hypertension, diabetes | Bark | [164] |
| Coriandrum sativum | Geshniz | Apiaceae | Acne, antiseptic, appetizer, aphrodisiac, aromatic, calmative, flatulence, jaundice |
Fruit | [168,170] |
| Crataegus oxyacantha | Sorkhevalik | Rosaceae | Diabetes, hypertension | Leaf | [164] |
| Hibiscus sabdariffa | Chay-e-makki | Malvaceae | Antioxidant, diabetes, hypertension | Flower | [164] |
| Juglans regia | Gerdu | Juglandaceae | Antidiarrheal, eczema, hair color | Fruit, leaf | [168] |
| Morus alba | Toot | Moraceae | Constipation, diabetes blood lipid reduction | Leaf | [164] |
| Olea europaea | Zeytoun | Oleaceae | Anti-hemorrhoids, blood lipid, diabetes, dermal allergy, hypertension, kidney stone, laxative, renal problems | Fruit, leaf, seed | [167,168,171,172] |
| Parrotia persica | Not mentioned | Hamamelidaceae | Antifever, broken bone, food coloring and flavoring | Bark | [163,173] |
| Pimpinella affinis | Taretizakebaghi | Apiaceae | Asthma, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, carminative, cholera, diuretic, migraine, narcotic | Flowering shoot, Seed | [163,174] |
| Primula heterochroma | Not mentioned | Primulaceae | Food flavoring | Not mentioned | [163] |
| Portulaca oleracea | Khorfeh | Portulaceae | Antibacterial, antiviral, diabetes, enhancing immunity | Seed | [164] |
| Rubus fruticosus | Tameshk | Rosaceae | Anti-infection, anticramp, hypertension, food flavoring, narcotic | Leaf | [164] |
| Ruscus hyrcanus | Butcher’s broom | Asparagaceae | Appetizer, antibleeding, antilaxative, anti-nephritis, anti-infection, antivaricose, aperient, diuretic, jaundice, laxative, vasoconstrictor | Leaves, fruit | [163,175] |
| Smilax excelsa | Not mentioned | Smilacaceae | Antieczema, diuretic, food flavoring | Not mentioned | [163] |
| Syzygium aromaticum | Alezi | Liliaceae | Acne, digestive disorder food flavoring | Raw vegetable | [164] |
| Teucrium polium | Kalpoore | Buxaceae | Analgesic, aperient, antiepileptic, antihairloss, antiheadache, anti-infection, antimalaria, antipneumonia, antirheumatism, carminative, constipation, febrifuge, stomachache | Aerial part | [164,176] |
| Trigonella foenum-graecum | Sic lefuit fenugreek | Fabaceae | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | [164,170] |
| Urtica dioica | Nettle | Urticaceae | Diabetes | Aerial parts, seed | [177] |
| Urtica pilulifera | Kara Isırgan (Turkey) | Urticaceae | Antidandruff, anti-inflammatory, asthma, astringent, blood purifier, diuretic, diabetes, enhancement of hemoglobin concentration, hemostatic, lower urinary tract infection, stimulating tonic (Egypt) | Whole plant, leaf | [138,178] |
| Vaccinium arctostaphylos | Darchin | Lauraceae | Antibacterial, antioxidant, blood pressure, diabetes | Bark | [164] |