Table 1.
Examples of application of aptasensors for quantitative detection.
| Sensor Type | Target | Aptamer Sequence | Detection Range | LOD | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colorimetric | E. coli | Fp: TAGGGAAGAGAAGGACATATGAT, Rp: TTGACTAGTACATGACCACTTGA) | 101–108 cells/mL | 101 cells/mL | [84] |
| Malathion | 5′-TAT ACA CAA TTG TTT TTC TCT TAA CTT CTT GAC TGC-3′ | 0–4000 ng/L | 5.24 ng/L | [85] | |
| Cd2+ | 5′-CTCAGGACGACGGGTTCACAGTCCGTTGTC-3′ | 1–400 ng/L | 1 ng/L | [86] | |
| Salmonella typhimurium | Apt1: 5′-biotin-GAGGAAAGTCTATAGCAGAGGAGATGTGTGAACCGAGTAA-3′ | 3.3 × 101–3.3 × 106 CFU/mL | 33 CFU/mL | [87] | |
| Apt2: 5′-CTCCTCTGACTGTAACCACGGAGTTAATCAATACAAGGCGGGAACATCCTTGGCGGTGCCGCATAGGTAGTCCAGAAGCC-3′ | |||||
| Salmonella typhimurium | NH2-GCGCTCGGCCTCCTCTGCCATCTCATTCGCGAGCGC | 100–109 CFU/mL | 16 CFU/mL | [88] | |
| AFM1 | 5-Biotin-ACTGCTAGAGATTTTCCACAT-3′ | 0.3–75 ng/mL | 0.03 ng/mL | [89] | |
| AFB1 | 5′-GTTGGGCACGTGTTGTCTCTCTGTGTCTCGTGCCCTTCGCTAGGCCCACA-3′ | 1–6 ng/mL | 0.18 ng/mL | [90] | |
| Salmonella typhimurium | Apt1 5′-AGT AAT GCC CGG TAG TTA TTC AAA GAT GAG TAG GAA AAG A-C6-SH-3′ | 101–106 CFU mL−1 | 1 CFU/mL | [97] | |
| Apt2 5′-TAT GGC GGC GTC ACC CGA CGG GGA CTT GAC ATT ATG ACA G-C6-SH-3′ | |||||
| ABA | AAAATGGGTTAGGTGGAGGTGGTTATTCCGGGAATTCGCCCTAAATACGAGCAAC | 1 nM to 10 μM | 0.51 nM | [98] | |
| Cortisol | 5′-GGA ATG GAT CCA CAT CCA TGG ATG GGC AAT GCG GGG TGG AGA ATG GTT GCC GCA CTT CGG CTT CAC TGC AGA CTT GAC GAA GCT T-3′ | 0.1–1000 nM | 0.1 nM | [99] | |
| Thrombin | TBA1 (5′-thiolated-TTT TTT TTT TTT TTT GGT TGG TGT GGT TGG-3′) | 0–10 μg/mL | 1.33 μg/mL | [100] | |
| TBA2 (5′-thiolated-TTT TTA GTC CGT GGT AGG GCA GGT TGG GGT GAC T-3′) | |||||
| Cd2+ | 5′-biotin-ACC GAC CGT GCT GGA CTC TGG ACT GTT GTG GTA TTA TTT TTG GTT GTG CAG TAT GAG CGA GCG TTG CG-3 | 1–500 ng/mL | 0.7 ng/mL | [101] | |
| PDGF-BB | 5′-CAGGCTACGGCACGTAGAGCATCACCATGATCCTG-3′ | 1–25 pM | 0.94 pM | [103] | |
| ATP | 5′-ACC TGG GGG AGT ATT GCG GAG GAA GGT-3′ | 0.50–100 μM | 0.09 μM | [106] | |
| Pb2+ | 5′-biotin-GGGTGGGTGGGTGGGT-3′ | 1–300 ng/mL | 0.63 ng/mL | [107] | |
| E. coli | Apt1: 5′-biotin-TGAGCCCAAGCCCTGGTATGCGGATAACGAGGTATTCACGACTGGTCGTCAGGTATGGTTGGCAGGTCTACTTTGGGATC-3′ | 16 to 1.6 × 106 CFU/mL | 2 CFU/mL | [108] | |
| Apt1: 5′-biotin-TGAGCCCAAGCCCTGGTATGAGCCCACGGAACACTGGTCGCGCCCACTGGTTTCTATATTGGCAGGTCTACTTTGGGATC-3′ | |||||
| 17β-E2 | 5′-GCTTCCAGCTTATTGAATTACACGCAGAGGGTAGCGGCTCTGCGCATTCAATTGCTGCGCGCTGAAGCGCGGAAGC-3′ | 1.5–50 nM | 1.5 nM | [109] | |
| AFB1 | 5′-biotin-GTT GGG CAC GTG TTG TCT CTC TGT GTC TCG TGC CCT TCG CTA GGC CCA CA-3′ | ND | 0.1 ng/mL | [110] | |
| PSA | 5′-Biotin-ATTAAAGCTCGCCATCAAATAGC-3′ | 0–2.1 ng/mL | 0.15 ng/mL | [111] | |
| E.coli O157: H7 | 5′-ATCCGTCACACCTGCTCTGTCTGCGAGCGGGGCG | 500–5 × 107 CFU/mL | 250 CFU/mL | [112] | |
| CGGGCCCGGCGGGGGATGCGTGGTGTTGGCTCCCGTAT-3′ | |||||
| Fluorometric | T-2 | 5′-CAGCTCAGAAGCTTGATCCTGTATATCAAGCATCGCGTGTTTACACATGCGAGAGGTGAAGACTCGAAGTCGTGCATCTG-3′ | 0.001−100 ng/mL | 0.57 pg/mL | [119] |
| DGX | 5′-AGCGAGGGCGGTGTCCAACAGCGGTTTTTTCACGAGGAGGTTGGCGGTGG-3′ | 0.001 to 0.5 ng/mL | 0.0032 ng/mL | [120] | |
| ZEN | 5′-NH2-AGCAGCACAGAGGTCAGATGTCATCTATCTATGGTACATTACTATCTGTAATGTGATATGCCTATGCGTGCTACCGTGAA-3′ | 31.4–628 nM | 7.5 nM | [121] | |
| PAT | 5′-GGC CCG CCA ACC CGC ATC ATC TAC ACT GAT ATT TTA CCT T-3′CFL | 5–300 ng/mL | 0.13 ng/mL | [130] | |
| AFB1 | TARMA-5′-GTT GGG CAC GTG TTG TCT CTC TGT GTC TCG TGC CCT TCG CTA GGC CCA CA-3′ | 0–180 ng/mL | 0.35 ng/mL | [123] | |
| AMP | 5′-CACGGCATGGTGGGCGTCGTG-Thiol-3′ | 100–1000 pM | 29.2 pM | [131] | |
| IFN-γ | Apt1: 5′-H2N-C6-CCGCCCAAATCCCTAAGAGAAGACTGTAATGAC ATCAAACCAGACACACACTACACACGCA-3′ | 2.0 × 10−18–5.0 × 10−8 M | 0.178 fM | [132] | |
| Apt2: 5′-TGGGGTTGGTTGTGTTGGGTGTTGTG-Azide(N3)-3′ | |||||
| MUC1 | 5′-Cy3-GCAGTTGATCCTTTGGATACCCTGG-NH2-3′ | 0–50 nM | 0.8 nM | [133] | |
| Isocarbophos | 5′-AGCT2GCTGCAGCGAT2CT2GATCGC2ACAGAGCT-3’ | 10–500 nM | 3.38 nM | [134] | |
| Hg2+ | 5′-FAM-TTC TTT CTT CCC CTT GTT TGT T-3′ | 20–150 nM | 15 nM | [135] | |
| E. coli | 5′-CCG GAC GCT TAT GCC TTG CCA TCT ACA GAG CAG GTG TGA CGG-C6 NH2-3′ | 85 to 85 × 107 CFU/mL | 17 CFU/mL | [140] | |
| E. coli ATCC8739 | 5′-ATCCGTCACACCTGCTCTGTCTGCGAGCGGGGCGCGGGCCCGGCGGGGGATGCGTGGTGTTGGCTCCCGTAT-3′ | 58–58 × 106 CFU/mL | 10 CFU/mL | [141] | |
| Malathion | 5′-ATCCGTCACACCTGCTCTTATACACAATTGTTTTTCTCTTAACT TCTTGACTGCTGGTGTTGGCTCCCGTAT-3′ | of 0.01–1 μM | 1.42 nM | [142] | |
| Pb2+ | Apt1: 5′-Biotin-CGA TCA CTA ACT ATr AGG AAG AGA TG-HS-3′ | 25–1400 nM | 5.7 nM | [143] | |
| Apt2: 5′-NH2-TGA GTG ATA AAG CTG GCC GAG CCT CTT CTC TAC-3′ | |||||
| Chlorpyrifos | 5′-CCTGCCACGCTCCGCAAGCTTAGGGTTACGCCTGCAGCGATTCTTGATCGCGCTGCTGGTAATCCTTCTTTAAGCTTGGCACCCGCATCGT-3′ | 5–600 nM | 3.8 nM | [144] | |
| ATP | 5′-CCCCAACTCCTTCCCGAAACCTACCTGGGGGAGTATTGCGGAGGAAGGTTTCGGG-3′ | 20–220 μM | 0.38 μM | [145] | |
| ATP | 5′-CCCCCCCCCCCCCACCTGGGGGAGTATTGCGGAGGAAGGT-3′ | 50 pM–1.0 nM | 26 pM | [152] | |
| AFB1 | 5′-GTT GGG CAC GTG TTG TCT CTC TGT GTC TCG TGC CCT TCG CTA GGC CCA CA-3′ | 2–400 ng/mL | 1.82 ng/mL | [153] | |
| Acetamiprid | 5′-TGT AAT TTG TCT GCA GCG GTT CTT GAT CGC TGA CAC CAT ATT ATG AAG A-3′ | 5 nM–1.2 μM | 3 nM | [154] | |
| Exosomes | 5′-CATCCATGGGAATTCGTCGACCCTGCAGGCATGCAAGCTTTCCCTATAGTGAGTCGTATTACTGCCTAGGCTCGAGCTCG-3′ | 0.68–30.4 pM | 0.57 pM | [121] | |
| ATP | 5′-FAM-AATTCTGGGGGAGCCTTTTGT GGG TAGGGC GGG TTG GTT TTG CCC CGG AGG AGG AATT-BHQ1-3′ | 1−500,000 μM | ND | [159] | |
| Cd2+ | 5′-AGTGACGTGCTGGACTCCGGACTATTGTGGTATGATCTGGTTGTGACTATGCAGTGCGTGCA-(CH2)3-SH-3′ | 20 pM–12 nM | 1.2 pM | [161] | |
| MC-LR | 5′-GGC GCC AAA CAG GAC CAC CAT GAC AAT TAC CCA TAC CAC CTC ATT ATG CCC CAT CTC CGC-3′ | 0.01 to 1000 μg/L | 4.8 ng/L | [162] | |
| Chloramphenicol | 5′-AGCAGCACAGAGGTCAGATGACTTCAGTGAGTTGTCCCACGGTCGGCGAGTCGGTGGTAGCCTATGCGTGCTACCGTGAA-3′ | 10–107 pg/mL | 0.987 pg/mL | [163] | |
| Electrochemical | OTA | 5′-triple SH-GAT CGG GTG TGG GTG GCG TAA AGG GAG CAT CGG ACA-3′ | 1 × 10−5–10 nM | 3.3 × 10−3 pM | [190] |
| Amoxicillin | 5′-(SH)-TTA GTT GGG GTT CAG TTG G-3′ | 0.5–3 nM | 0.2 nM | [191] | |
| Thrombin | Apt1: 5′-COOH-(CH2)10-GGTTGGTGTGGTTGG-3′. | 1 pM–10 nM | 0.64 pM | [192] | |
| Apt2: 5′-NH2-(CH2)6-AGTCCGTGGTAGGGCAGGTTGGGGTGACT-3′ | |||||
| PSA | 5′-NH2-TTT TTA ATT AAA GCT CGC CAT CAA ATA GCT TT-3′ | 0.0001–100 ng/mL | 0.085 pg/mL | [169] | |
| OTC | 5′-SH-GGA ATT CGC TAG CAC GTT GAC GCT GGT GCC CGG TTG TGG TGC GAG TGT TGT GTG GAT CCG AGC TCC ACG TG-3′ | 1 × 10−13 to 1 × 10−5 g/mL | 3.1 × 10−14 g/mL | [196] | |
| PAT | 5′-NH2-GGCCCGCCAACCCGCATCATCTACACTGATATTTTACCTT-3′ | 5 × 10−8–5 × 10−1 μg/ | 1.46 × 10−8 μg/mL | [43] | |
| Thrombin | 5′-AGTCCGTGGTAGGGCAGGTTGGGGTGACT-3′ | 1 fM–1 nM | 0.57 fM | [13] | |
| Pb2+ | 5′-GGGTGGGTGGGTGGGT-3′ and its complementary strand 5′-CCACCCACCC–(CH2)6–SH-3′ | 0.5–25 ppb | 0.6 ppb | [197] | |
| H5N1 | 5′-biotin-GTGTGCATGGATAGCACGTAACGGTGTAGTAGTAACGTGCGGGTAGGAAGAAAGGGAAATAGTTGTCGTGTTG-3′ | 0.001 to 1 HAU | 8 × 10–4 HAU | [201] | |
| Sulfadimethoxine | 5′-GAG GGC AAC GAG TGT TTA TAG A-3′, DNA probe, 5′–SH–TCT ATA AAC ACT CGT TGC CCT C-3′ | 0.1–500 nM | 0.038 nM | [203] | |
| Malathion | 5′-COOH-ATCCGTCACACCTGCTCTTATACACAATTGTTTTTCTCTT AACTTCTTGACTGCTGGTGTTGGCT-3′ | 0.5–600 ng/L | 0.5 ng/L | [204] | |
| ATZ | 5′-TGT-ACC-GTC-TGA-GCG-ATT-CGT-ACG-AAC-GGC-TTT-GTA-CTG-TTT-GCA-CTG-GCG-GAT-TTA-GCC-AGT-CAG-TGT-TAA-GGA-GTG-C-3′ | 50-fM–0.3 nM | 12.0 fM | [206] | |
| OTA | 5′-AAAGATCGGGTGTGGGTGGCGTAA AGGGAGCATCGGACA-3′ | 0.01–1 ng/mL | 0.004 ng/mL | [205] |