3-NT	3-nitrotyrosine
BCC	basal cell carcinoma
BCG	Bacille Calmette–Guerin
BD	beta-defensins
BDNF	brain-derived neurotrophic factor
bFGF	basic fibroblast growth factor
BH4	tetrahydrobiopterin
BMP	bone morphogenetic protein
CCL	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand
CD	cluster of differentiation
CGRP	calcitonin gene-related peptide
CT	calcitonin
CXCL	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand
DC	dendritic cell
EGF	epidermal growth factor
ERM	epithelial cell rests of Malassez
HDP	host defense peptides
HERS	Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath
HLA	human leukocyte antigen
IFN	interferon
IL	interleukin
LBP	lipopolysaccharide-binding protein
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
LTA	lipoteichoic acid
MCSF	macrophage colony-stimulating factor
MAC	membrane attack complex
MHC	major histocompatibility complex
MPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
NF-κB	nuclear factor-κB
NGF	nerve growth factor
NK	natural killer
NLR	NOD-like receptors
NO	nitric oxide
NOS	nitric oxide synthase
NPY	neuropeptide Y
OLP	oral leukoplakia
OONO-	peroxynitrite
OSCC	oral squamous cell carcinoma
PAMP	pathogen-associated molecular patterns
PDGF	platelet-derived growth factor
PIGF	placenta growth factor
PRR	pattern-recognition receptors
RNS	reactive nitrogen species
sGC	soluble guanylyl cyclase
SP	substance P
TGF	transforming growth factor
TLR	Toll-like receptors
TNF	tumor-necrosis-factor
Treg	regulatory T cell
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
VIP	vasoactive intestinal polypeptide