Table 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

#ability to perform the preoperative evaluation of leg extension strength #ability to perform postoperative cardiac rehabilitation program consisting of aerobic exercise #ability to provide written informed consent

#serious perioperative complications such as #pneumonia, instability of hemodynamics, heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmias #emergency surgery cases, dialysis patients, and patients who could not walk independently and perform resistance exercise #current neurological disorders or previous cerebral vascular accident with residual neurological deficit significant enough to limit exercise #malignant tumor, past fracture of the hip, pelvis, or femur, varicose veins, family or personal history of deep vein thrombosis, family or personal history of pulmonary embolism #patients with pacemaker implantation who cannot receive BIA methods

BIA, bioelectrical impedance analysis.