Fig. 1.

Neutralization of AMHR2 disrupts GnRH neuronal migration in mouse embryos. a Schematic of in utero injections of the neutralizing antibody anti-AMHR2 (AMHR2 NA) into the olfactory pits of mouse embryos. Injections were performed at E12.5 and embryos harvested 48 h later. b Quantitative analysis of GnRH neuronal distribution throughout the migratory pathway in the two experimental groups. Data are represented as mean ± s.e.m (n = 4, two-way ANOVA, F_3,24 = 15.09, P < 0.0001; followed by Holm-Šídák multiple comparison post hoc test, **P < 0.005; n.s., not significant, P > 0.05). Data are represented as mean ± s.e.m (n = 4, unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test: mean cell number, t₆ = 0.3796, P = 0.7173). c–f Representative photomicrographs of sagittal sections of mouse embryos injected at E12.5 with either saline or AMHR2 NA and immunostained for GnRH (green) and Peripherin (magenta) at E14.5. e, f Higher magnification confocal photomicrograph of boxed areas in c and d. Cx cortex, FB forebrain, N/FBJ nasal/forebrain junction, oe olfactory epithelium, NMC nasal mesenchyme. Scale bars: c, d 2.5 mm; e, f 50 μm. Adapted and

reproduced with permission from Malone et al. [11]