Table 1.
Characteristics of published articles assessing the cost effectiveness of drugs for osteoporosis
| References | Journal | Country | Study perspectivea | Model type | Outcome measure | Time horizon | Cost type | Discount rates (costs, QALY) | Funding source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active drug(s) vs no treatment/calcium + vitamin D | |||||||||
| Golmohamdi et al. [12] | Electronic Physician | Iran | Healthcare | No | BMD | 12 and 36 months | Direct costs | NR | NR |
| Kwon et al. [32] | Journal of Bone Metabolism | Korea | Societal | Markov cohort model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 5%, 5% | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Korea |
| Ito et al. [36] | BMJ Open | USA | Healthcare | Markov cohort model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | NR |
| Mohd-Tahir et al. [17] | International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases | Malaysia | Healthcare | No | Fracture events | 0–15 years | Direct costs | NR | NR |
| Cui et al. [34] | Osteoporosis International | China | Healthcare | Markov microsimulation model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant, NSFC, Beijing Natural Science Foundation |
| Taheri et al. [33] | Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research | Iran | Healthcare | Markov cohort model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 7.2%, 5% | CinnaGen Corporation |
| Active drug(s) vs active drug(s) | |||||||||
| Parthan et al. [21] | Bone | Sweden | Healthcare | Markov cohort model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | NR |
| Venice et al. [10] | Journal of Clinical Densitometry | Mexico | Healthcare | No | All costs are compared | 12 months | Direct costs | NR | NR |
| Waure et al. [26] | BioMed Research International | Italy | Healthcare | Markov cohort model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | Amgen Inc |
| Darbà et al. [25] | ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research | Spain | Healthcare | Markov cohort model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | Amgen SA Barcelona, Spain, and GSK |
| Miraci et al. [11] | International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences | Albania | Healthcare | No | Average percentage of change in BMD | 12 months | Direct costs | NR | NR |
| Silverman et al. [22] | Journal of Osteoporosis | USA | Healthcare | Markov cohort model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | Amgen Inc |
| Chen et al. [31] | Patient Preference and Adherence | China | Healthcare | Markov microsimulation model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | NSFC and Jiangsu Research on Philosophy and Social Science in University of Education Department of Jiangsu Province |
| Karnon et al. [14] | Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation | Australia | Healthcare | Markov cohort model | QALY | 10 years | Direct costs | 5%, 5% | No funding |
| Azar et al. [13] | Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran | Iran | Healthcare | Decision tree model | QALY | 2 years | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | NR |
| Mori et al. [18] | Osteoporosis International | Japan | Healthcare, societal and governmental | Markov microsimulation model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct and indirect costs | 3%, 3% | NR |
| Mori et al. [19] | Osteoporosis International | USA | Societal | Markov microsimulation model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% |
Veterans Affairs Special Fellowship in Advanced Geriatrics |
| Moriwaki et al. [30] | Osteoporosis International | Japan | Healthcare | Markov microsimulation model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 2%, 2% | Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation |
| O’Hanlon et al. [35] | Clinical Therapeutics | USA | Healthcare | Markov cohort model | QALY | 1.5 years; Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | NR |
| Yoshizawa et al. [29] | Archives of Osteoporosis | Japan | Societal | Markov cohort model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | NR |
| Chokchalermwong et al. [23] | Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand | Thailand | Societal | Markov microsimulation model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | NR |
| Coyle et al. [24] | Medical Decision Making Policy & Practice | Canada | Healthcare | Markov cohort model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 1.5%, 1.5% | NR |
| Hiligsmann et al. [27] | Osteoporosis International | France | Healthcare | Markov microsimulation model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | Teva and Theramex |
| Li et al. [15] | The Journal of the North American Menopause Society | China | Healthcare | Markov cohort model | QALY | 40 years | Direct and indirect costs | 3%, 3% |
NSFC, Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province of China |
| Sequential therapies | |||||||||
| Hiligsmann et al. [28] | Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism | USA | Healthcare | Markov microsimulation model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | Radius Health, Inc., Waltham MA |
| Le et al. [16] | Annals of Pharmacotherapy | USA | Healthcare | Discrete-event simulation model | QALY | 10 years | Direct costs | 3%, 3% | Radius Health, Inc |
| Mori et al. [20] | JBMR PLUS | USA | Healthcare and societal | Markov microsimulation model | QALY | Lifetime | Direct and indirect costs | 3%, 3% | JMDC Inc., SMS CO. and LTD |
BMD bone mineral density, NR not reported, NSFC National Natural Science Foundation of China, QALY quality-adjusted life-year
aAs stated by the authors