. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2020 Nov 17;30(2):388–395. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-1081

Table 5.

Serum concentration of interleukin-27 (IL-27) by the time interval from blood collection to diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, The Singapore Chinese Health Study and The Shanghai Cohort Study separately and combined

Time interval (yr)	Singapore Cohort Study		Shanghai Cohort Study		Both Cohort Studies combined
Time interval (yr)	N	IL-27 (ng/ml)^a	N	IL-27^a	N	IL-27 (ng/ml)^a
0.3–<3	29	2.86 (2.36–3.46)	37	3.32 (2.66–4.12)	66	3.22 (2.78–3.72)
3–<6	41	2.12 (1.80–2.50)	26	2.60 (2.02–3.36)	67	2.40 (2.08–2.76)
6–10	30	2.20 (1.82–2.66)	37	2.44 (1.96–3.02)	67	2.26 (1.94–2.62)
P trend		0.072		0.062		0.001

Geometric means were derived from analysis of covariance with following covariates: study location (Shanghai vs Singapore), sex, body mass index (<18.5, 18-<23, 23-<27.5, ≥27.5 kg/m²), alcohol consumption (nondrinkers, moderate drinkers, and heavy drinkers), and cigarette smoking (never, former, current smokers), and serological status of hepatitis B surface antigen or antibodies to hepatitis C virus (negative, positive).