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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2021 Jan 5;1867(4):166063. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166063

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Role of sex hormones and their receptors in the sex-specific effect on cellular metabolism. (A) Diagrammatic representation of the domain structure of estrogen (E2) receptor ER (ERα) and androgen receptor AR. Both ERα and AR contain A/B, C, D E and F motifs and possess a DNA binding domain (DBD), nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a ligand binding domain (LBD). (B) Diagrammatic representation of two E2-mediated pathways. The genomic pathway refers to the role of E2 in transcription regulation through direct interaction with DNA via ER and/or ER-associated transcription factors, such as AP1 and SP1. The non-genomic pathway refers to the role of E2 executed through signaling cascades initiated/triggered within the cytosol. Details of pathways depicted here are described in the body of the main text and the accompanying references (see section 5).