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. 2021 Jan;13(1):220–231. doi: 10.21037/jtd-20-1953

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2021 Journal of Thoracic Disease. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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The interaction hazard ratio of overall survival (OS) involved 10 studies by different smoking histories (current/former versus never smokers). The left panel shows the effect of HR (95% CI) for each subgroup within each trial. The right panel shows the interaction between HR (95% CI) and smoking history, along with a meta-analysis of the interaction estimates. Mild heterogeneity was discovered across these studies (I²=25.4%, P=0.21). There was no significant difference in the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in terms of OS between never and current/former smokers compared with controls for each smoking status.