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. 2019 Jul 22;36(2):347–355. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz565

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Relations between treatment T, covariates X, microbiome composition (mediators) M and outcome Y. We aim to investigate the effect of treatment directly on the outcome (termed as the direct effect) and the effect of treatment through microbiome composition as mediators (termed the mediation effect), while adjusting for covariates