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. 2021 Jan 25;11:608377. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.608377

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Copyright © 2021 Mölzer, Heissigerova, Wilson, Kuffova and Forrester

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The Retinal Neurovascular Unit. The retinal neurovascular unit (NVU) is the seat of the blood retinal barrier (BRB), situated at the capillary/venous side of the retinal circulation. Two levels of “barrier” exist: a) at the endothelial tight junctions (1), supported by pericytes and under immunological surveillance by perivascular macrophages; and b) at the glia limitans (2), constructed by astrocyte glial cell and Müller glial cell foot processes, with contributions to the continuous membranous structure form microglial cells and neuronal dendritic processes.