Table 1.
Comparison of Age Groups for the Interaction Effects and Absolute Changes—Mean (SD).
| Measures | 50–59 years | 60–69 years | 70–79 years | 80–89 years | Interaction sig. (p) | Time sig. (p) | Group sig. (p) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre 30STS (reps) | 15.5 (6.1) | 11.8 (2.7) | 11.7 (3.4) | 10.2 (3.5) | .030* | <.001* | <.001* |
| Post 30STS (reps) | 17.7 (5.6) | 14.2 (3.1)† ‡ | 13.9 (3.8)† ‡ | 11.3 (3.6)† | |||
| Abs ∆ 30STS (reps) | 2.2 (2.9) | 2.3 (2.4) | 2.2 (2.2) | 1.1 (1.5)• | |||
| Pre TUG (seconds) | 6.2 (3.5) | 6.8 (2.4) | 7.1 (2.1) | 9.1 (3.4) | .651 | <.001* | <.001* |
| Post TUG (seconds) | 5.3 (2.9) | 5.6 (1.6) | 6.0 (1.4) | 8.2 (3.1) | |||
| Abs ∆ TUG (seconds) | −0.9 (1.2) | −1.2 (1.3) | −1.1 (1.1) | −0.9 (1.7) | |||
| Pre tandem (seconds) | 9.6 (2.0) | 9.8 (0.8) | 9.0 (2.6) | 8.0 (3.7) | .016* | .002* | .003* |
| Post tandem (seconds) | 9.6 (2.0) | 9.9 (0.7)‡ | 9.6 (1.4) | 9.4 (1.8) | |||
| Abs ∆ tandem (seconds) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (1.6) | 0.6 (2.3) | 1.4 (3.8)• | |||
| Pre tandem + EC (seconds) | 8.3 (2.9) | 5.8 (4.2) | 5.4 (4.1) | 4.2 (4.3) | .851 | .001* | .002* |
| Post tandem + EC (seconds) | 9.2 (1.8) | 7.6 (3.4) | 6.7 (3.8) | 6.0 (4.0) | |||
| Abs ∆ tandem + EC (seconds) | 0.1 (2.8) | 1.8 (4.4) | 1.3 (5.0) | 1.8 (3.1) | |||
| Pre tandem + EC + HT (seconds) | 5.1 (4.0) | 3.5 (3.8) | 4.6 (4.4) | N/A | .212 | .001* | .044* |
| Post tandem + EC + HT (seconds) | 8.8 (1.7) | 6.1 (4.0) | 5.2 (4.1) | N/A | |||
| Abs ∆ tandem + EC + HT (seconds) | 3.7 (4.1) | 2.6 (5.2) | 0.7 (6.1) | N/A | |||
| Pre single leg (seconds) | 9.4 (2.2) | 7.8 (3.6) | 7.3 (3.6) | 4.5 (4.1) | .076 | <.001* | <.001* |
| Post single leg (seconds) | 9.5 (2.1) | 9.0 (2.2) | 8.2 (2.9) | 6.6 (3.7) | |||
| Abs ∆ single leg (seconds) | 0.0 (0.2) | 1.3 (3.0) | 1.0 (3.2) | 2.0 (0.8) | |||
| Pre single leg + EC (seconds) | 2.5 (3.1) | 2.6 (2.7) | 2.9 (2.7) | N/A | .705 | <.001* | .907 |
| Post single leg + EC (seconds) | 6.1 (4.1) | 5.4 (3.7) | 4.8 (2.8) | N/A | |||
| Abs ∆ single leg + EC (seconds) | 4.2 (6.4) | 3.4 (4.0) | 2.1 (3.8) | 1.0 (0.0) | |||
| Pre sit-and-reach (inches) | −0.5 (3.4) | 0.7 (2.8) | 0.4 (3.4) | −0.8 (3.2) | .010* | <.001* | .024* |
| Post sit-and-reach (inches) | 1.3 (3.1) | 1.4 (3.1)‡ | 0.8 (3.4) | −0.7 (3.1) | |||
| Abs ∆ sit-and-reach (inches) | 1.7 (2.8) | 0.7 (1.8) | 0.3 (1.9) • | 0.1 (2.7) • |
Note. 30STS = 30 second sit-to-stand; TUG = timed up-and-go; EC = eyes closed; HT = head turn; Abs. ∆ = absolute change.
*
Sig.: Significance set at p ≤ .05. †Significantly different from 50 to 59 years age group after post hoc. ‡Significantly different from 80 to 89 years age group after post hoc. •Significantly different absolute magnitude of change.