Table 1.

Expression and function of major integrin subtypes.

Integrin subtype	Expression	Function	Reference
αvβ3	podocytes, endothelial, and cancer stem cells	Bind to suPAR, promote FSGS, cancer progression	Hayek et al., 2017; Nieberler et al., 2017
αvβ6	epithelial cells and tumor cells	Activate TGF-β1, tumor progression, and metastasis	Breuss et al., 1993; Nieberler et al., 2017
αvβ8	kidney glomerular mesangial cells, brain, and placenta	Activate TGF-β1, inhibit cell growth, spreading, and focal contact formation	Cambier et al., 2000; Campbell et al., 2020
β1	multiple cell types	Cell adhesion, maintain cell polarity, regulate cell proliferation, and cell cycle	Liu et al., 2018a; Kormann et al., 2020
α3β1	kidney tubular epithelial cells, glomerular endothelial cells, and podocytes	Kidney development and cell anchorage	Kreidberg et al., 1996; Glynne et al., 2001
α4β1	reticulocytes	Blood vascular related disease progression	Rieu et al., 2000
α5β1	endothelial cells and cancer stem cells	Vascular morphogenesis, cancer, and metastasis	Zovein et al., 2010; Nieberler et al., 2017
α6β1	ureteric bud	Maintains the structural integrity of the kidney collecting system	Viquez et al., 2017
α6β4	cancer cells and epithelial cells	Lung organotropic metastasis	Hoshino et al., 2015