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| Effects Receptor types | Positive | Negative |
| β1 | Epicardial vessel vasodilation
Positive lusitropy Positive chronotropy Positive inotropy |
Apoptosis
Proarrhythmic Myocyte damage Fetal gene induction |
| β2 | Antiapoptotic
Small vessel vasodilation Positive lusitropy Positive chronotropy Positive inotropy |
Proarrhythmic
Profibrotic |
| α1c | Positive inotropy | Vasoconstriction
Proarrhythmic Myocyte damage |
