Table 1. Course of blood coagulation and inflammation markers and in-hospital outcome in 577 patients with COVID-19.
| Available | Total ( N = 577) |
Survivors ( N = 433) |
Nonsurvivors ( N = 144) |
p -Value a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men, n (%) | 577/577 | 386 (67) | 290 (67) | 96 (67) | 0.9 |
| Age, y | 577/577 | 67 (56, 77) | 62 (52, 71) | 77 (72, 85) | <0.001 |
| Intensive care unit, n (%) | 576/577 | 98 (17) | 72 (17) | 26 (18) | 0.8 |
| D-Dimer | |||||
| At baseline, ng/mL | 491/553 b | 435 (268, 864) | 375 (242, 681) | 814 (386, 2230) | <0.001 |
| Highest, ng/mL | 553/553 b | 872 (386, 2,456) | 772 (341, 1,860) | 1844 (678, 4,988) | <0.001 |
| Lowest to highest increase, ng/mL per day | 381/399 c | 79 (21, 249) | 69 (21, 200) | 150 (13, 814) | 0.017 |
| Latest to highest increase, ng/mL per day | 381/399 c | 88 (17, 391) | 74 (18, 297) | 185 (12, 1,088) | 0.033 |
| C-Reactive protein | |||||
| At baseline, mg/dL | 553/574 b | 8 (3, 15) | 7 (3, 13) | 13 (7, 21) | <0.001 |
| Highest, mg/dL | 574/574 b | 15 (7, 24) | 13 (6, 21) | 22 (15, 30) | <0.001 |
| Lowest to highest increase, mg/dL per day | 398/406 c | 2.0 (1.0, 3.7) | 1.8 (0.9, 3.3) | 2.9 (1.7, 4.9) | <0.001 |
| Latest to highest increase, mg/dL per day | 398/406 c | 1.9 (0.8, 4.6) | 1.7 (0.7, 3.8) | 3.1 (1.4, 6.0) | <0.001 |
Note: All continuous values (age in years and biomarker concentrations in ng/mL or mg/dL) are reported as median (interquartile range). Lowest to highest increase is defined as the average daily increase from the lowest measured value preceding the highest measured value to the highest value itself. Latest to highest increase is defined as the average daily increase from the last measured value before the highest measured value to the highest value itself.
Chi-square test for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables.
Proportion out of all patients with at least one marker value available.
Proportion out of all patients in whom a slope with zero or positive increase was calculable (at least two values available and the highest value was not the baseline value).