Figure 1.

Example sentences and cloze probability and certainty scores of all the sentences used in the EEG study. At the left example sentences: (a and c) examples of HC sentences constraining the expectation of sentence-final animal (a) and tool (c) words. (b and d) Examples of LC sentences that do not strongly constrain expectations of the final word. (e) Cloze probability judgments of the experimental sentences are shown (means and standard errors of the mean). (f) “Certainty scores” of the experimental sentences are shown (means and standard errors of the mean).