Table 4:
Univariate and multivariate analyses of demographic and travel characteristics of travellers who received intradermal vaccination compared to those who received intramuscular vaccination
| Variable | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |
| Age, per year of age | 0.989 (0.983 to 0.995) | 0.986 (0.979 to 0.993) |
| Female sex | 1.214 (1.003 to 1.469) | 1.069 (0.857 to 1.577) |
| Travel duration, per week of travel | 1.001 (0.996 to 1.005) | 1.004 (0.999 to 1.009) |
| Continent | ||
| Africa | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Americas | 0.891 (0.645 to 1.229) | 0.834 (0.584 to 1.193) |
| Asia | 1.848 (1.411 to 2.421) | 1.258 (0.907 to 1.743) |
| Europe | 0.843 (0.285 to 2.494) | 0.396 (0.123 to 1.274) |
| Reason for travel | ||
| Tourism | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Work/business | 0.164 (0.113 to 0.237) | 0.185 (0.123 to 0.279) |
| Education/research | 1.235 (0.695 to 2.192) | 0.909 (0.496 to 1.663) |
| Volunteer/aid work | 0.384 (0.290 to 0.507) | 0.444 (0.313 to 0.629) |
| Visiting friends and relatives* | – | – |
| No. of travellers in group | ||
| 1 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| 2 | 1.476 (1.149 to 1.896) | 1.183 (0.887 to 1.577) |
| ≥ 3 | 1.007 (0.780 to 1.300) | 1.281 (0.953 to 1.723) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio.
*
Only 2 people in this category received pre-exposure prophylaxis, both intramuscularly.