Table 2:
Uptake and duration of antenatal maternal combination antiretroviral therapy, 2011–2016*
| Variable | Duration of therapy, wk; no. (%) of women | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥ 4 n = 1315 |
< 4 n = 41 |
None n = 51 |
||
| Maternal risk category† | 0.02 | |||
| Heterosexual | 899 (94.8) | 23 (2.4) | 26 (2.7) | |
| Injection drug use | 237 (89.8) | 7 (2.7) | 20 (7.6) | |
| Perinatal | 29 (90.6) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (3.1) | |
| Other | 37 (97.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.6) | |
| Maternal race/ethnicity‡ | 0.003 | |||
| Black | 698 (95.2) | 21 (2.9) | 14 (1.9) | |
| Indigenous | 277 (90.2) | 10 (3.3) | 20 (6.5) | |
| White | 230 (91.6) | 6 (2.4) | 15 (6.0) | |
| Other | 91 (95.8) | 3 (3.2) | 1 (1.1) | |
| Infant province/territory of birth | 0.4 | |||
| Ontario | 474 (93.5) | 13 (2.6) | 20 (3.9) | |
| Quebec | 226 (93.8) | 6 (2.5) | 9 (3.7) | |
| Alberta | 209 (92.1) | 10 (4.4) | 8 (3.5) | |
| Saskatchewan | 159 (92.4) | 5 (2.9) | 8 (4.7) | |
| British Columbia/Yukon Territory | 142 (96.6) | 5 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Manitoba | 100 (93.5) | 2 (1.9) | 5 (4.7) | |
| Atlantic provinces | 5 (83.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (16.7) | |
Eleven women were excluded owing to unknown maternal treatment status; premature delivery occurred in 248 women (17.9%): 227 (17.3%) of those who received 4 weeks or more of antenatal combination antiretroviral therapy, 9 (22.0%) of those who received less than 4 weeks of such therapy and 12 (26.5%) for those who received no antenatal combination antiretroviral therapy (p = 0.2).
Unknown for 125 women; injection drug use was the predominant risk category in Saskatchewan (74.0%); it was also listed as a risk category for more than 10% of cases in British Columbia (39.0%), Manitoba (19.6%) and Alberta (16.7%). In Ontario and Quebec, it accounted for 6.7% and 5.0%, respectively, of cases with a risk category listed.
Unknown for 21 women; black ethnicity predominated in Quebec (73.9%), Ontario (67.1%) and Alberta (65.1%), whereas Indigenous ethnicity predominated in Saskatchewan (86.7%) and Manitoba (57.4%).