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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 8.
Published in final edited form as: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2019 Apr 10;11(5):e1557. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1557

Fig. 1. Methodologies for T-cell Engineering.

Fig. 1

Examples of T-cell manufacturing techniques for generating immunotherapies derived from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) or mature T-cells. (A) HSPCs are transduced with viral vectors coding for transgenic T-cell receptor (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). Transduced HSPCs are expanded ex vivo and intravenously administered to a conditioned patent resulting in sustained in vivo differentiation into TCR-transduced T-cells or CAR T-cells. (B) Isolated HSPCs are transduced with viral vectors coding for transgenic TCR or CAR-T and differentiated on feeder cell layer allowing for ex vivo differentiation of TCR-transduced T-cells or CAR-T cells for adoptive immune transfer. (C) Isolated mature T-cells are transduced with viral vectors coding for transgenic TCR or CAR. TCR transduced T-cells or CAR-T cells are subsequently expanded for adoptive immune transfer. (D) Isolated mature T-cells are transduced with viral vectors coding for pluripotent stem cell reprogramming factors. Induced pluripotent stem cells (ISPCs) are expanded and seeded onto feeder cell layer to induce T-cell differentiation for adoptive immune transfer.