Table 2. Virucidal efficacies of the tested solutions toward infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) on a plastic carrier, applied through the dropping and the wiping methods.

Tested solutions	Viral titer [log10 (PFU/ml)] on the carrier or in the sheet
	IBV control	Dropping-carrier	Wiping-sheet	Wiped-carrier
FdCa(OH)2a	6.472 ± 0.04	3.030 ± 0.04*	<1.796 ± 0	<1.796 ± 0
NaClO-1,000b		<1.796 ± 0	<1.796 ± 0	<1.796 ± 0
NaClO-500c		4.783 ± 0.05	2.515 ± 0.15*	<1.796 ± 0
Mix-500d		2.078 ± 0.23*	<1.796 ± 0	<1.796 ± 0
QAC-500e		<1.796 ± 0	<1.796 ± 0	<1.796 ± 0
dW2		6.004 ± 0.04	5.449 ± 0.05	2.877 ± 0.22*

^a Food additive grade calcium hydroxide at 0.17% solution, ^b sodium hypochlorite solution at 1,000 ppm of total chlorine, ^c sodium hypochlorite solution at 500 ppm of total chlorine, ^d sodium hypochlorite solution at 500 ppm of total chlorine in 0.17% FdCa(OH)₂, ^e quaternary ammonium compound diluted 500-fold in redistilled water. Figures are shown as mean ± SE from replicated 3 times. *Single asterisk indicates effective viral reduction (>3 log₁₀ plaque forming units (PFU)/ml). Viral titer <1.796 log₁₀ PFU/ml indicates the virus was inactivated to undetectable level.