Table 1:
Role of different miRNAs in viral diseases.
| Virus | miRNA | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| James Canyon Virus (JCV) | miRNA J1 (Viral) | Downregulates early gene expression | [41] |
| Human Papilomavirus (HPV) | miRNA 203 (Cellular) | Downregulates expression of p63 | [42] |
| SARS | miRNA 17 miRNA 214 (Cellular) |
Facilitates gene replication Helps in immune invasion |
[43] |
| Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) | miRNA LAT (Viral) | Anti-apoptotic role | [44] |
| Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) | miRNA 122 (Cellular) | Enhances viral replication | [45] |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) | miRNA N367 (Viral) | Reduces LTR transcription | [46] |
| Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) | miRNA UL23 (Viral) | Immunomodulation | [47] |
| Simian Virus 40 (SV 40) | miRNA S1 (Viral) | Downregulates early gene expression | [48] |
| Influenza | miRNA 507 (Cellular) | Helps adapting influenza AI (Avian Influenza) to mammalian cells/species via targeting PB2 | [49] |
| BK Virus (BKV) | miRNA B1 (Viral) | Downregulates early gene expression | [50] |
Similarly, many studies have been conducted with SARS regarding its association with miRNAs. Qin et al., have utilized miRNA (Small non-coding RNA) based therapy to reduce the spike gene of SARS-CoV [51]. This strategy can also be utilized for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition as the spike protein of this virus is involved in the binding and fusion to the host cells.