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(A) Hippocampal-dependent long-term memory as measured by % time freezing upon re-exposure to the conditioning context in aged laparotomized rats that received pre-operatively either saline or IL-1RA (icm) and were post-operatively treated with either saline, (−)morphine or (+)morphine. (B) Generalized fear as measured by % time freezing upon exposure to a novel, control context in the same groups as (A). Error bars represent S.E.M; *p < 0.05. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ****p < 0.0001
