Table 1.

Distribution of individual and neighborhood attributes by singleton birth outcome¹ status among a sample living in selected counties² in metro Atlanta, GA (2013 – 2015)

	Total	Preterm (≤ 37 weeks)
	N	N	%
Overall	62,814	4,470	7.1
Maternal age (years)
≤ 19	1,698	155	9.1
20–24	13,031	982	7.5
25–29	6,801	539	7.9
30–34	9,879	669	6.8
35+	31,405	2,125	6.8
Maternal race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic Black	34,447	3,002	8.7
Non-Hispanic White	28,367	1,468	5.2
Maternal education
< HS education	5,406	573	10.6
High school grad/GED	14,138	1,111	7.9
> HS education	43,270	2,786	6.4
Smoked during pregnancy
Yes	2,068	125	6.0
No	60,746	4,345	7.2
Number of previous births
Mother’s first birth	26,961	2,148	8.0
2–3	27,349	1,879	6.9
≥ 4	8,504	443	5.2
Violent Crime
Observed3
Low (0 – 0.9)	13,595	642	4.7
Medium (1.0 – 2.8)	16,453	1,188	7.2
High (2.9 – 6.0)	19,047	1,509	7.9
Very high (6.1 – 77.6)	13,719	1,131	8.2
Range; median	0 – 77.6; 2.8	0 – 77.6; 4.1
Estimated4
Low (0.4 – 8.3)	17,928	1,181	6.6
Medium (8.4 – 17.3)	19,090	1,175	6.2
High (17.4 – 45.9)	15,606	1,273	8.2
Very high (45.9 – 559.4)	10,190	841	8.3
Range; median	0.4 – 559.4; 17.3	0.4 – 559.4; 19.6

¹Birth data was used from vital birth records found on Georgia Department of Public Health website

²Fifteen counties in Georgia were included in this analysis: Clarke, Clayton, Cobb, Coweta, DeKalb, Douglas, Fayette, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Oconee, Rockdale, Spalding, and Walton.

³The observed crime rate was calculated by dividing the total count of crime by the total population for the census tract

⁴The estimated crime rate is the modeled index value provided by the Environmental Systems Research Institute for each census tract