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. 2020 Sep 22;56(2):193–206. doi: 10.1007/s00127-020-01959-w

Table 2.

Multiple bootstrapped regression analyses with mother reported early childhood internalizing problems, externalizing problems and their interactions and (mal)adaptive functioning in emerging adulthood

Outcome Internalizing problems Externalizing problems Internalizing × externalizing problems
B (BCa CI) β SE B B (BCa CI) β SE B Adj. pa B (BCa CI) β SE B
Psychological domain
 Internalizing dimension
  Anxious/depressed behaviour 0.19 (0.03, 0.35)* 0.13 0.08 0.10 (− 0.04, 0.23) 0.10 0.07 0.01 (− 0.01, 0.04) 0.16 0.01
  Withdrawn behavior 0.04 (− 0.03, 0.11) 0.07 0.04 0.06 (0.01, 0.11)* 0.16 0.03 0.01 (0.002, 0.02) 0.23 0.01
  Somatic complaints 0.05 (− 0.01, 0.12) 0.08 0.03 0.06 (0.01, 0.11)* 0.14 0.03 0.01 (− 0.003, 0.02) 0.21 0.01
 Externalizing dimension
  Aggressive behavior 0.02 (− 0.07, 0.10) 0.03 0.05 0.10 (0.02, 0.18)** 0.18 0.04 0.037* 0.003 (− 0.01, 0.02) 0.06 0.01
  Delinquency − 0.04 (− 0.11, 0.03) − 0.07 0.04 0.05 (− 0.004, 0.10) 0.12 0.03 − 0.001 (− 1.01, 0.01) − 0.04 0.01
  Intrusive behavior − 0.01 (− 0.07, 0.04) − 0.02 0.03 0.02 (− 0.03, 0.06) 0.05 0.02 − 0.01 (− 0.01, 0.003) −0.17 0.004
 Other problems
  Thought problems 0.02 (− 0.04, 0.07) 0.04 0.03 0.10 (0.06, 0.14)*** 0.27 0.02 0.017* 0.01 (− 0.001, 0.02) 0.25 0.004
  Attention problems 0.04 (− 0.09, 0.15) 0.04 0.06 0.11 (0.02, 0.19)* 0.15 0.04 0.01 (− 0.01, 0.02) 0.10 0.01
 Personality pathology
  Negative affect 0.01 (− 0.01, 0.02) 0.07 0.01 0.01 (0.001, 0.02)* 0.14 0.001 0.001 (− 0.001, 0.002) 0.10 0.001
  Detachment 0.001 (− 0.01, 0.01) 0.01 0.01 0.01 (0.01, 0.02)*** 0.23 0.003 0.001 (− 0.001, 0.002) 0.12 0.001
  Antagonism −0.01 (− 0.02, 0.001) − 0.09 0.01 0.01 (0.001, 0.02)* 0.13 0.004 − 0.001 (− 0.003, 0.00) − 0.24 0.001
  Disinhibition − 0.01 (− 0.02, 0.01) − 0.06 0.01 0.01 (0.001, 0.01)* 0.13 0.003 0.00 (− 0.001, 0.002) 0.04 0.001
  Psychoticism − 0.002 (− 0.01, 0.01) − 0.02 0.01 0.01 (0.01, 0.02)* 0.21 0.01 0.015* 0.00 (− 0.001, 0.001) − 0.04 0.001
Social domain
 Social problems 0.05 (− 0.02, 0.11) 0.08 0.03 0.09 (0.04, 0.14)** 0.21 0.03 0.042* 0.003 (− 0.01, 0.01) 0.08 0.004
 Satisfaction friendships − 0.01 (− 0.06, 0.03) − 0.03 0.02 − 0.02 (− 0.05, 0.01) − 0.09 0.02 0.001 (− 0.01, 0.01) 0.04 0.003
 Satisfaction romantic relations 0.03 (− 0.03, 0.08) 0.05 0.03 − 0.06 (− 0.11, − 0.01)* − 0.15 0.03 − 0.003 (− 0.01, 0.01) − 0.09 0.01
Work domain
 Work satisfaction 0.001 (− 0.06, 0.07) 0.003 0.03 − 0.03 (− 0.07, 0.01) − 0.13 0.02 0.002 (− 0.01, 0.01) 0.08 0.01
Physical domain
 Satisfaction general health 0.01 (− 0.03, 0.05) 0.03 0.02 − 0.03 (− 0.07, − 0.02)** − 0.19 0.01 0.022* − 0.001 (− 0.01, 0.01) − 0.07 0.001
 Sleep problems − 0.01 (− 0.02, 0.01) − 0.05 0.01 0.01 (− 0.002, 0.02) 0.10 0.01 − 0.001 (− 0.003, 0.001) − 0.13 0.001
Self-concept domain
 Exploration in breadth − 0.01 (− 0.03, 0.01) − 0.06 0.01 − 0.003 (− 0.02, 0.01) − 0.03 0.01 − 0.001 (− 0.003, 0.002) − 0.09 0.001
 Ruminative exploration 0.01 (− 0.02, 0.03) 0.03 0.01 0.02 (0.003, 0.03)* 0.14 0.01 0.001 (− 0.002, 0.004) 0.10 0.002
 Identification with commitment 0.003 (− 0.02, 0.02) 0.02 0.01 − 0.01 (− 0.02, 0.01) − 0.07 0.01 − 0.002 (− 0.01, 0.00) − 0.24 0.001
 Commitment making 0.003 (− 0.02, 0.03) 0.01 0.01 − 0.01 (− 0.03, 0.01) − 0.09 0.01 − 0.001 (− 0.004, 0.002) − 0.07 0.001
 Exploration in depth 0.01 (− 0.01, 0.03) 0.08 0.01 − 0.01 (− 0.02, 0.002) − 0.09 0.01 − 0.001 (− 0.004, 0.001) − 0.13 0.001
 Separation from parents − 0.001 (− 0.01, 0.01) − 0.01 0.01 − 0.01 (− 0.01, 0.001) − 0.12 0.004 0.00 (− 0.001, 0.002) 0.01 0.001
 Detachment from parents − 0.001 (− 0.01, 0.01) −0.01 0.01 − 0.01 (− 0.02, − 0.001) − 0.13 0.01 0.00 (− 0.002, 0.002) − 0.01 0.001
 Self-efficacy − 0.01 (− 0.02, 0.01) − 0.06 0.01 − 0.002 (− 0.01, 0.01) −0.04 0.04 − 0.001 (− 0.003, 0.00) − 0.23 0.001

With control variables age and gender of the child, and family education

aAdjusted p values for false discovery rate (FDR)

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001