Table 3.
Telepsychiatry questionnaire
| Clinical | |
| General | |
| 1. One cannot do individual therapy with telepsychiatry. | |
| 2. Adequate follow-up services cannot be provided with telepsychiatry. | |
| 3. There are more adverse outcomes with telepsychiatry than face-to-face psychiatry. | |
| 4. One cannot see more than 1 person at a time using telepsychiatry. | |
| 5. Patients do not like telepsychiatry. | |
| Not effective | |
| 6. Telepsychiatry is not as effective as face-to-face psychiatry. | |
| 7. There is lack of evidence for the efficacy of telepsychiatry. | |
| 8. One cannot use hands-on tools to assess functioning or to provide therapy with telepsychiatry. | |
| 9. One cannot establish therapeutic alliance with telepsychiatry. | |
| 10. One cannot perform a physical exam with telepsychiatry. | |
| Specific patients/populations | |
| 11. One cannot manage emergencies related to safety with telepsychiatry. | |
| 12. One cannot do family/group therapy with telepsychiatry. | |
| 13. One cannot use telepsychiatry to treat certain mental illnesses. | |
| 14. Setting professional boundaries is a problem with telepsychiatry. | |
| 15. Paranoid patients do not like telepsychiatry. | |
| 16. People with physical or mental disabilities cannot use telepsychiatry. | |
| 17. Disruptive behavior cannot be managed with telepsychiatry. | |
| 18. Certain cultures will be less accepting of telepsychiatry. | |
| 19. Telepsychiatry cannot be performed in foreign languages with interpreters. | |
| 20. One cannot properly perform developmental and neurological assessments with telepsychiatry. | |
| Communication | |
| 21. Patients find telepsychiatry to be too impersonal. | |
| 22. Clinicians find telepsychiatry to be too impersonal. | |
| 23. Children are not able to talk to a screen. | |
| 24. One would need at least 1 face-to-face session before applying telepsychiatry. | |
| 25. One cannot express empathy with telepsychiatry. | |
| 26. Nonverbal cues are missed with telepsychiatry. | |
| 27. Eye contact cannot be assessed with telepsychiatry. | |
| 28. One cannot properly assess social interactions with telepsychiatry. | |
| Technical | |
| 29. The technology setup required by clinicians for telepsychiatry is too complicated. | |
| 30. The technology setup required by patients for telepsychiatry is too complicated | |
| 31. Poor internet connection is a roadblock to implementing telepsychiatry. | |
| Cost/econ/reimb | |
| 32. Telepsychiatry offers poor reimbursement for services. | |
| 33. Telepsychiatry favors patients who have means. | |
| 34. The cost of starting a telepsychiatry practice is high. | |
| 35. Coordinating clerical staff to provide billing and scheduling is too difficult with telepsychiatry. | |
| Legal | |
| 36. The liability risks involved in telepsychiatry are unknown. | |
| 37. Privacy is an issue with telepsychiatry. | |
| 38. Malpractice insurance for telepsychiatry is high. | |
| 39. Telepsychiatry is not properly regulated. | |
| Systems/services/roles | |
| 40. The roles and responsibilities of the primary physician versus the consultant are ill-defined. | |
| 41. The primary provider may not follow through on the recommendations made by the telepsychiatrist. | |
| 42. Psychiatrist: telepsychiatry is isolative. | |
| 43. Performing telepsychiatry from home would be uncomfortable. | |
| 44. Coordination of obtaining vital signs and labs with telepsychiatry is not feasible. | |
| Education/training/mentoring | |
| 45. Residency training is insufficient for one to become competent in telepsychiatry. | |
| 46. There are no experts in the field of telepsychiatry to provide mentorship. | |
| 47. Telepsychiatry does not have its own association to join. |