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. 2021 Feb 9;41(3):383–388. doi: 10.1007/s13410-021-00930-y

Table 1.

The characteristics of patients with COVID-19 with or without diabetes

Variable Total (n=16,391) Diabetes (n=1365) Non-diabetes (n=15,026) p value
Number (%) Number (%) Number (%)
Age, median (IQR) 38 (30–51) 59 (49–67) 37 (29–49) <0.001
Gender
Male 8940 (54.55) 607 (44.50) 8333 (55.50) <0.001
Female 7446 (45.45) 758 (55.50) 6688 (44.50)
Symptoms
Fever 11258 (68.70) 1075 (78.80) 10183 (67.80) <0.001
Cough 11106 (67.80) 1035 (75.80) 10071 (67.00) <0.001
Dyspnea 8086 (49.30) 910 (66.70) 7176 (47.80) <0.001
Muscular pain 1520 (9.30) 124 (9.10) 1396 (9.30) 0.801
Diarrhea 351 (2.10) 26 (1.90) 325 (2.20) 0.528
Nausea 436 (2.70) 39 (2.90) 397 (2.60) 0.636
Sore throat 1239 (7.60) 79 (5.80) 1160 (7.70) 0.010
Anorexia 78 (0.50) 6 (0.40) 72 (0.50) 0.839
Headache 618 (3.80) 57 (4.20) 561 (3.70) 0.270
Fatigue 54 (0.30) 3 (0.20) 51 (0.30) 0.460
Chest pain 121 (0.70) 4 (0.30) 117 (0.80) 0.045
Decreased sense of smell 378 (2.30) 10 (0.70) 368 (2.40) <0.001
Decreased sense of taste 85 (0.50) 1 (0.10) 84 (0.60) 0.017
Comorbidities
Hypertension 896 (5.50) 418 (30.60) 478 (3.20) <0.001
Cardiovascular disease 815 (5.00) 266 (19.50) 549 (3.70) <0.001
Immunodeficiency 87 (0.50) 24 (1.80) 63 (0.40) <0.001
Chronic kidney disease 285 (1.70) 72 (5.30) 213 (1.40) <0.001
Chronic pulmonary disease 314 (1.90) 56 (4.10) 258 (1.70) <0.001
Chronic liver disease 40 (0.20) 13 (1.00) 27 (0.20) <0.001
Hyperlipidemia 52 (0.30) 18 (1.30) 34 (0.20) <0.001
Exposure to disease 10256 (62.60) 755 (55.30) 9501 (63.20) <0.001
Mortality 691 (4.20) 196 (14.40) 495 (3.30) <0.001