Table 1.
Means and standard deviations of body fat indicators according to gestational age
| Gestational age | Male | Female | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FM (kg) | FM (%) | FMI (kg/m2) | BMIa (kg/m2) | FM (kg) | FM (%) | FMI (kg/m2) | BMIa (kg/m2) | |||
| 6 y (2004 Cohort) | N |
Mean (SD) p < 0.001 |
Mean (SD) p < 0.001 |
Mean (SD) p < 0.001 |
Mean (SD) p < 0.001 |
N |
Mean (SD) p = 0.002 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.001 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.003 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.012 |
| ≤33 | 36 | 4.8 (3.3) | 19.8 (6.8) | 3.2 (1.8) | 0.05 (1.5) | 32 | 5.8 (3.1) | 23.9 (7.1) | 4.1 (1.8) | 0.51 (1.2) |
| 34 to 36 | 167 | 5.1 (3.7) | 20.2 (7.4) | 3.4 (2.1) | 0.21 (1.6) | 165 | 5.7 (3.2) | 23.2 (7.2) | 3.9 (1.9) | 0.40 (1.2) |
| 37 to 41 | 1361 | 6.1 (3.6) | 22.5 (7.9) | 4.0 (2.1) | 0.81 (1.5) | 1275 | 6.8 (4.0) | 25.5 (8.0) | 4.6 (2.4) | 0.72 (1.4) |
| Total | 1564 | 5.9 (3.6) | 22.2 (7.9) | 3.9 (2.1) | 0.72 (1.5) | 1472 | 6.6 (3.8) | 25.2 (7.9) | 4.5 (2.3) | 0.67 (1.4) |
| 18 y (1993 Cohort) | N |
Mean (SD) p = 0.873 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.711 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.938 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.839 |
N |
Mean (SD) p = 0.660 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.519 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.710 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.746 |
| ≤33 | 32 | 12.6 (13.4) | 15.7 (10.5) | 4.4 (4.5) | 23.4 (5.7) | 42 | 19.6 (9.5) | 31.4 (8.4) | 7.6 (3.5) | 23.1 (4.7) |
| 34 to 36 | 143 | 12.5 (10.0) | 16.5 (9.1) | 4.1 (3.2) | 23.2 (4.3) | 133 | 20.9 (8.7) | 32.7 (7.8) | 8.1 (3.4) | 23.7 (4.6) |
| 37 to 41 | 1337 | 12.9 (9.5) | 16.8 (8.8) | 4.2 (3.1) | 23.4 (4.2) | 1340 | 20.9 (9.6) | 32.8 (7.9) | 8.0 (3.6) | 25.5 (4.9) |
| Total | 1512 | 12.7 (9.6) | 16.6 (8.8) | 4.2 (3.1) | 23.3 (4.2) | 1515 | 20.8 (9.4) | 32.7 (7.8) | 8.0 (3.6) | 23.5 (4.8) |
| 30 y (1982 Cohort) | N |
Mean (SD) p = 0.047 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.012 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.034 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.279 |
N |
Mean (SD) p = 0.559 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.419 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.600 |
Mean (SD) p = 0.553 |
| ≤33 | 4 | 35.0 (5.6) | 37.7 (2.6) | 11.6 (1.6) | 30.7 (2.6) | 5 | 23.2 (6.0) | 37.2 (3.8) | 9.1 (2.0) | 24.2 (3.4) |
| 34 to 36 | 141 | 20.8 (10.9) | 24.1 (9.2) | 6.8 (3.5) | 26.8 (4.5) | 160 | 26.1 (12.1) | 36.6 (9.1) | 10.0 (4.6) | 26.3 (5.8) |
| 37 to 41 | 1177 | 21.4 (11.4) | 24.7 (9.0) | 7.0 (3.7) | 27.0 (4.9) | 1157 | 27.0 (11.9) | 37.3 (8.4) | 10.3 (4.5) | 26.6 (5.9) |
| Total | 1322 | 21.4 (11.3) | 24.6 (9.0) | 7.0 (3.7) | 27.0 (4.9) | 1322 | 26.8 (11.9) | 37.2 (8.4) | 10.3 (4.5) | 26.5 (5.9) |
BMI body mass index, SD standard deviation, FM fat mass in kg, %FM percent of fat mass, FMI fat mass index in kg/m2
aAt 6 years, BMI in Z-score
P-values calculated by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicating the difference in means of body fat and BMI, between gestational age groups within each cohort