Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Feb 8;9:40. doi: 10.1186/s40168-021-01002-3

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 4 — Functional validation of the predicted ARGs and structural investigation of conserved sites detected by HMD-ARG. a Left figure: A diagram showing the procedure of heterologous expression and functional analysis of the predicted ARGs from PA150567 in E. coli BL21 host. Middle figure: Growth curves of E. coli hosts with expression of the predicted β-lactamases that inactivate β-lactam antibiotics in the presence of 2 μg/ml meropenem. Right figure: Growth curves of E. coli hosts with expression of the predicted acetyltransferases that inactivate aminoglycoside antibiotics in the presence of 4 μg/ml amikacin. b The HMD-ARG predicted conserved sites and the corresponding sequence logo from 319 to 393 in AXX01_04100. c After we mutated the conserved site (346) from T to N, the mutated protein’s (colored in red) local structure (predicted by RaptorX) changed significantly from the wild type (colored in light blue). Moreover, the binding affinity (predicted by AutoDock) between the mutated protein and the ligand (antibiotics) also reduced, as illustrated in the middle (wild type) and right (mutated protein) figures