Table 1.
Group Characteristics at Baseline as Mean (Standard Deviation)
| All Participants | Control Group | Training Group | t-test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 51) | (n = 24) | (n = 27) | p-value | |
| Age [years] | 26.5 (4.5) | 27.0 (4.9) | 26.1 (4.2) | 0.520 |
| Height [m] | 1.68 (0.06) | 1.69 (0.07) | 1.67 (0.05) | 0.329 |
| Weight [kg] | 62.6 (10.1) | 62.9 (10.5) | 62.3 (9.9) | 0.822 |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 22.1 (2.8) | 22.0 (2.9) | 22.2 (2.8) | 0.786 |
| MVC knee extensors [N/bm] | 0.58 (0.16) | 0.53 (0.14) | 0.63 (0.16) | 0.015 |
| RFD knee extensors [N/s/bm] | 2.38 (1.26) | 2.03 (1.31) | 2.70 (1.16) | 0.058 |
| MVC knee flexors [N/bm] | 0.30 (0.13) | 0.26 (0.11) | 0.34 (0.12) | 0.016 |
| RFD knee flexors [N/s/bm] | 1.07 (0.87) | 0.87 (0.81) | 1.25 (1.90) | 0.122 |
| mCSA thigh [mm2/bm] | 13.1 (1.9) | 13.1 (2.1) | 13.0 (1.7) | 0.919 |
| Muscle mass [mg] | 659 (96) | 645 (94) | 645 (92) | 0.994 |
| Beighton score | ||||
| 6/9 [n (%)] | 6 (11.8) | 2 (8.3) | 4 (14.8) | |
| 7/9 [n (%)] | 10 (19.6) | 6 (25.0) | 4 (14.8) | |
| 8/9 [n (%)] | 17 (33.3) | 8 (33.3) | 9 (33.3) | |
| 9/9 [n (%)] | 18 (35.3) | 8 (33.3) | 10 (37.0) | |
| Brighton criteria yes [n (%)] | 22 (43.1) | 11 (45.8) | 11 (40.7) | |
| GJH + pain [n (%)] | 47 (92.2) | 21 (87.5) | 24 (88.8) | |
BMI body mass index, MVC maximum voluntary contraction strength, RFD rate of force development, mCSA muscle cross-sectional area, bm body mass, GJH Generalized Joint Hypermobility