Table 4.

Traits affected by protein restriction (PR) among studies that manipulated diet in multiple periods of gestation

Study	Na	Manipulation	Duration	Traits affectedin males	Traits affectedin females	Traits affectedin both sexes	Analysed sexes separatelyor tested interaction
Wistar rats
Bellinger 2005 [21]	5	PR(9% vs 18%)	GD 0–7	Hepatic	Behavioural	Body weight	Interaction
			GD 8–14	None	Behavioural	None
			GD 15–22	Hepatic	Behavioural	Body weight
Bellinger2006 [22]	8–11	PR(9% vs 18%)	GD 0–birth	Body weight; fat	Fat; behavioural	None	Interaction
			GD 0–7	Body weight;fat; behavioural	Body weight; fat	None
			GD 8–14	Body weight;behavioural	None	None
			GD 15–22	Body weight;fat	Fat; behavioural	None
Chamson-Reig2006 [23]	3–4	PR(8% vs 20%)	GD 0–weaning	None	None	Pancreatic	Interaction
			GD 0–14	None	Pancreatic	Pancreatic
			GD 8–14	None	Pancreatic	Pancreatic
			GD 15–22	Pancreatic	Pancreatic	Pancreatic
Mallinson2007 [33]	11–13	PR(9% vs 18%)	GD 0–birth	Muscular	None	None	Interaction
			GD 0–7	Muscular	None	Muscular
			GD 8–14	None	Muscular	Muscular
			GD 15–22	None	None	Muscular
Sprague-Dawley rats
Woods2004 [54]	6–9	PR(5% vs 19%)	GD 1–birth	Body weight;renal	None	Body weight; cardiovascular; renal	Sexes separately andinteraction
			GD 1–11	None	None	None
			GD 11–birth	Body weight;renal	None	Cardiovascular

^aSample size is provided as the number of dams per group (? = not stated)