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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 9.
Published in final edited form as: Psychiatr Serv. 2016 Jun 15;67(11):1240–1245. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201500271

TABLE 3.

Suicide knowledge and skills confidence scores among health care workers in seven states, by state, training, and profession

Suicide knowledgea Suicide skillsb
Variable N M EMMc SD SEc M EMMc SD SEc
State
 Texas 3,276 5.23 5.69 1.62 .04 13.57 16.27 3.89 .08
 Pennsylvania 902 5.85 6.20 1.40 .06 14.86 17.48 3.18 .12
 Kentucky 1,091 6.19 6.12 1.36 .05 16.22 16.18 2.70 .11
 New York 4724 5.74 6.03 1.54 .04 14.49 16.45 3.39 .07
 Tennessee 629 5.75 6.00 1.54 .06 14.46 16.00 3.67 .13
 Indiana 526 5.32 5.77 1.49 .07 13.52 15.66 3.28 .14
 Utah 3,545 5.75 5.91 1.42 .04 13.52 15.05 3.68 .07
Training
 ASIST onlyd 624 5.96 5.92 1.50 .06 16.32 16.22 2.55 .13
 QPR onlye 1,051 6.02 5.96 1.39 .05 15.71 15.89 2.81 .10
 Other only 3,256 5.96 5.87 1.39 .03 15.83 15.82 2.72 .06
 No training 8,810 5.43 5.55 1.56 .02 12.92 13.40 3.60 .05
Profession
 Social worker or case manager 4,051 5.80 6.11 1.44 .04 15.05 16.81 3.11 .08
 Counselor or therapist 2,483 6.14 6.35 1.34 .04 16.05 17.67 2.76 .08
 Physician or other prescriber 799 6.04 6.34 1.39 .06 14.92 17.25 3.44 .12
 Nurse 1,695 5.78 6.08 1.41 .05 13.96 16.19 3.42 .10
 Administrator 2,282 5.62 5.95 1.55 .04 13.11 15.21 3.82 .09
 Support staff 2,065 4.92 5.40 1.60 .05 11.51 14.13 3.48 .09
 Paraprofessional 1,318 5.09 5.48 1.62 .05 13.69 15.83 3.46 .10
a

Possible scores range from 0 to 9, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge about suicide facts.

b

Possible scores range from 4 to 20, with higher scores indicating greater confidence in working with suicidal clients.

c

Estimated marginal means (EMM) and standard errors (SE) include covariates.

d

ASIST, Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training

e

QPR, Question, Persuade, and Refer