Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics by Warfarin Exposure status
| Overall | Warfarin-Exposure | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | ||||
| N= 22,771 | N= 16,089 | N= 6,682 | |||
| Age | Mean (SD), y 95% CI |
73.5 (8.8) 73.4 to 73.6 |
74.3 (8.7) 74.2 to 74.5 |
71.4 (8.7) 71.2 to 71.6 |
<0.001 |
| Sex | Males | 21,729(95.4%) | 15,311(95.2%) | 6,418(96.1%) | 0.004 |
| Race | 0.076 | ||||
| Whites | 19,228(84.4%) | 13,598(84.5%) | 5,630(84.3%) | ||
| Blacks | 2,973(13.1%) | 2,068(12.9%) | 905(13.5%) | ||
| Others | 569(2.5%) | 422(2.6%) | 147(2.2%) | ||
| Ethnicity | Hispanic | 775(3.4%) | 548(3.4%) | 227(3.4%) | 0.973 |
| Marital Status | <0.001 | ||||
| Married | 14,393(68.5%) | 10,187(69.4%) | 4,206(66.5%) | ||
| Single | 878(4.2%) | 626(4.3%) | 252(4.0%) | ||
| Divorced | 2,966(14.1%) | 1,924(13.1%) | 1,042(16.5%) | ||
| Widowed | 2,782 (13.2%) | 1,952(13.3%) | 830(13.1%) | ||
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Hyperlipidemia | 14,000(61.5%) | 10,434(64.9%) | 3,566(53.4%) | <0.001 | |
| Hypertension | 17,999(79.0%) | 13,256(82.4%) | 4,743(71.0%) | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes | 13,672(60.0%) | 9,833(61.1%) | 3,839(57.5%) | <0.001 | |
| Coronary artery disease | 12,864(56.5%) | 9,651(60.0%) | 3,213(48.1%) | <0.001 | |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 11,988(52.7%) | 8,788(54.6%) | 3,200(47.9%) | <0.001 | |
| Cerebrovascular Disease | 9,050(39.7%) | 7,028(43.7%) | 2,022(30.3%) | <0.001 | |
| Peripheral vascular Disease | 9,940(43.7%) | 7,603(47.3%) | 2,337(35.0%) | <0.001 | |
| Chronic Pulmonary Disease | 9,882(43.4%) | 7,444(46.3%) | 2,438(36.5%) | <0.001 | |
| Dementia | 2,163(9.5%) | 1,830(11.4%) | 333(5.0%) | <0.001 | |
| Depression | 3,424(15.0%) | 2,723(16.9%) | 701(10.5%) | <0.001 | |
| Anemia | 9,531(41.9%) | 7,503(46.6%) | 2,028(30.4%) | <0.001 | |
| Cancer | 6,179(27.1%) | 4,860(30.2%) | 1,319(19.7%) | <0.001 | |
| Paraplegia and Hemiplegia | 993(4.4%) | 796(5.0%) | 197(3.0) | <0.001 | |
| AIDS/HIV | 137(0.6%) | 111(0.7%) | 26(0.4%) | <0.001 | |
| Liver Disease | 3,962(17.4%) | 3,189(19.8%) | 773(11.6%) | <0.001 | |
| Peptic Ulcer Disease | 1,990(8.7%) | 1,600(9.9%) | 390(5.8%) | <0.001 | |
| History of GI bleed | 5,268 (23.1%) | 4,197 (26.1%) | 1,071(16.0%) | <0.001 | |
| History of other Major bleeding | 2,512 (11.0%) | 1,985(12.3%) | 527(7.9%) | <0.001 | |
| Connective Tissue Disease | 2,868(12.6%) | 2,362(14.7%) | 506(7.6%) | <0.001 | |
| Medications | |||||
| Statin | 7,425(32.6%) | 3,643(22.6%) | 3,782(56.6%) | <0.001 | |
| Non statin lipid lowering agents | 1,392(6.1%) | 724(4.5%) | 668(10.0%) | <0.001 | |
| Non Aspirin-antiplatelet agents | 1,660(7.3%) | 901(5.6%) | 759(11.4%) | <0.001 | |
| Antiarrhythmics | 1,044(4.6%) | 91(0.6%) | 953(14.3%) | <0.001 | |
| Anti-anginals | 2,730(12.0%) | 1,245(7.7%) | 1,485(22.2%) | <0.001 | |
| Calcium channel blocker | 5,961 (26.2%) | 3,174 (19.7%) | 2,787(41.7%) | <0.001 | |
| Beta blockers | 8,081 (35.5%) | 3,659 (22.7%) | 4,422(66.2%) | <0.001 | |
| RAASi | 6,073(26.7%) | 3,040(18.9%) | 3,033(45.4%) | <0.001 | |
| Antihypertensive vasodilator agents | 1,875(8.2%) | 926(5.8%) | 949(14.2%) | <0.001 | |
| Potassium sparing diuretics | 951(4.2%) | 386(2.4%) | 565(8.5%) | <0.001 | |
| Loop diuretics | 6,478(28.5%) | 2,953(18.4%) | 3,525(52.8%) | <0.001 | |
| Thiazides | 1,896(8.3%) | 983(6.1%) | 913(13.7%) | <0.001 | |
| Antidepressants | 2,661(11.7%) | 1,315(8.2%) | 1,346(20.1%) | <0.001 | |
| NSAIDs | 17(0.1%) | 13(0.1%) | 4(0.1%) | 0.60 | |
| <0.001 | |||||
| Systolic Blood pressure, in mm Hg | 138.2(23.0) (137.8–138.6) |
138.7(22.8) (138.3–139.1) |
137.2(23.2) (136.5–137.8) |
<0.001 | |
| Diastolic Blood pressure, in mm Hg | 70.7 (13.0) (70.5–70.9) |
70.4(12.9) (70.1–70.6) |
71.3(13.1) (70.9–71.6) |
<0.001 | |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.5 (1.9) 12.5–12.5 |
12.4(1.9) 12.4–12.4 |
12.8(1.9) 12.7–12.8 |
<0.001 | |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 35.8 (19.6) (35.5–36.1) |
34.8 (19.5) (34.4 – 35.2) |
37.8 (19.7) (37.3– 38.3) |
<0.001 | |
| Charlson Comorbidity | 4.5 (3.5) 4.4 to 4.5 |
4.8 (3.7) 4.8 to 4.9 |
3.5 (3.0) 3.4 to 3.6 |
<0.001 | |
| Index, Mean (SD) 95% CI | |||||
| CHA2DS2-VASc score Mean (SD) 95% CI | 5.7 (2.1) 5.7 to 5.8 |
6.0 (2.0) 6.0 to 6.0 |
5.1 (2.1) 5.19 to 5.2 |
<0.001 | |
| AF diagnosis to dialysis initiation, years Mean (SD) 95% CI | 4.0 (3.8) 4.0 to 4.1 |
3.7(3.7) 3.6 to 3.7 |
5.0 (3.8) 4.9 to 5.1 |
<0.001 | |
SD, standard deviation; CI, confidence interval; RAASi, renin angiotensin aldosterone inhibitors; NSAIDs, Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs