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. 2021 Feb 10;13(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12544-021-00473-7

Table 2.

Regression models for the decreased amount in monthly trips for different activities

Variable ranges Changes in commute trips Changes in grocery trips Changes in non-grocery trips Changes in family and friends visit trips Changes in eating out trips Changes in hobby related trips Changes in sport related trips
Variable ranges [−40, + 40] [−40, + 40] [−40, + 40] [−40, + 40] [−40, + 40] [−40, + 40] [−40, + 40]
B t B t B t B t B t B t B t
(Constant) −7.682 −2.24* −3.208 −2.01* − 2.909 − 2.54* −6.979 − 3.14* −4.944 − 2.78* −9.186 −3.44* −6.394 − 2.05*
Being a female 0, 1 0.014 0.02 −1.239 − 2.90* − 0.151 − 0.51 − 0.571 − 1.02 − 0.464 − 1.06 − 0.175 − 0.25 1.326 1.61
Being a full-time worker 0, 1 −7.568 −5.27* 0.458 0.67 −0.328 − 0.68 − 0.087 − 0.10 − 2.982 −4.22* − 0.946 − 0.85 0.834 0.63
Being a student 0, 1 − 10.216 −6.23* 0.203 0.26 0.182 0.33 0.264 0.25 −2.506 −3.04* −1.981 − 1.56 2.832 1.87**
Have university education 0, 1 −1.259 −1.21 −0.563 − 1.13 0.476 1.35 −0.347 − 0.52 − 0.252 −0.48 0.200 0.25 0.337 0.35
Having children within household 0, 1 0.193 0.21 0.241 0.53 0.037 0.12 1.053 1.74** 1.167 2.50* 1.582 2.16* −0.112 −0.13
Having adults within household 0, 1 −0.053 −0.06 0.358 0.78 0.159 0.50 0.228 0.38 −0.050 − 0.11 0.715 0.96 2.224 2.50*
Having elderly within household 0, 1 1.697 1.43 −1.755 −3.08* −0.690 − 1.72** − 0.477 − 0.63 0.270 0.46 − 1.085 − 1.18 − 0.399 − 0.36
Do not travel for the given activity during pandemic 0, 1 −4.984 − 3.44* − 1.905 −2.48* − 0.477 − 1.00 1.644 1.82** − 0.085 − 0.11 −1.820 − 1.81** − 2.057 − 2.08*
Living in Sweden 0, 1 1.146 0.67 1.031 1.26 1.353 2.29* 2.176 1.96* 1.628 1.87** 3.543 2.62* 2.469 1.54
Living in Italy 0, 1 2.472 1.52 1.091 1.36 1.896 3.41* −2.025 −1.91** 1.106 1.32 −0.569 − 0.44 1.747 1.14
Living in India 0, 1 0.136 0.06 1.766 1.68** 0.778 1.08 1.587 1.16 2.161 2.01* 4.102 2.46* −3.594 −1.80**
Used private car to carry out the given activity before pandemic 0, 1 −1.479 −1.04 1.569 2.43* 0.306 0.66 −0.515 − 0.58 1.002 1.53 0.497 0.56 0.152 0.14
Used public transport to carry out the given activity before pandemic 0, 1 −3.033 −2.32* −0.886 − 0.79 − 0.749 − 1.53 − 0.806 − 0.79 0.865 1.23 0.846 0.80 −3.885 −2.18*
Used private car to carry out the given activity during pandemic 0, 1 2.278 1.36 − 0.829 −1.32 0.085 0.16 2.424 2.44* 1.761 2.06* 0.814 0.70 −3.338 −2.41*
Used public transport to carry out the given activity during pandemic 0, 1 −1.431 −0.57 2.663 1.25 1.418 1.54 2.105 1.17 0.984 0.68 −1.745 −0.82 −3.818 − 0.86
R .415a .225a .201a .287a .273a .299a .243a
R square 0.172 0.051 0.040 0.082 0.075 0.090 0.059
Adjusted R square 0.156 0.032 0.022 0.064 0.057 0.072 0.040
Std. Error of the estimate 11.865 5.725 4.021 7.613 5.926 9.277 11.140
Number of samples 781 781 781 781 781 781 781

The more negative t-coefficient, the larger relative decrease in number of trips, compared to their counterparts. One star (*) indicates 95% confidence level, two stars (**) indicates 90% confidence level. Variable ranges are indicated for each variable