Table 2.
Non-stimulated plasma cytokine levels of healthy donors and of patients with COVID-19, at baseline.
| All cases | Healthy donors | Mild cases | Moderate cases | Severe cases | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 151 | n = 50 | n = 41 | n = 30 | n = 30 | ||
| Plasma IL-1β (pg/mL) |
0.1 (0.0; 0.2) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.1) | 0.1 (0.0; 0.1) | 0.2 (0.1; 0.2) | 0.3 (0.2; 1.0) | <0.0001 |
| Plasma IL-6 (pg/mL) |
1.5 (0.8; 12.6) | 1.1 (0.7; 1.8) | 0.8 (0.7; 1.3) | 25.3 (4.3; 43.8) | 53.7 (15.9; 74.3) | <0.0001 |
| Plasma IL-8 (pg/mL) |
3.1 (2.3; 8.7) | 2.7 (2.2; 3.6) | 2.4 (1.8; 2.9) | 6.4 (4.0; 19.0) | 13.6 (8.7; 17.9) | <0.0001 |
| Plasma TNFα (pg/mL) |
7.0 (5.7; 10.6) | 6.2 (5.3; 7.3) | 5.9 (5.2; 6.8) | 11.9 (8.1; 15.5) | 13.8 (10.6; 19.8) | <0.0001 |
| Plasma IL17A (pg/mL) |
0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | >0.9999 |
| Plasma IFNα (pg/mL) |
0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | >0.9999 |
| Plasma IFNγ (IU/mL) |
0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | >0.9999 |
Data are presented as the median (IQR). Global p-values comparing the differences between the groups are from Kruskal-Wallis test. IL, interleukin; IFN, interferon; NA, not available; ND, not detected; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.