FE@EVs hydrogel promotes axonal regeneration. (A) Images of whole spinal sections staining MAP-2 and GFAP from SCI and different treatment rats at 56 days postinjury, the white dotted line indicates center of lesion site. (B) Quantify the distance from the neuron to the center of the lesion. (C, D) Images and quantification of whole spinal sections staining NF-200 and GFAP from SCI and different treatment rats at 56 days postinjury. (E–G) Representative western blotting images and quantification showing MAP-2 and NF-200 protein levels in the lesion region. (H) MAP-2 and Bcl-XL immunolabeling in neurons. (I) Quantification of MAP-2 and Bcl-XL fluorescence intensity from H. (J–N) Representative western blotting images and quantification showing Bcl-XL, Bax, Cleaved-caspase-3 and Cytochrome protein levels in neurons. N ≥ 4 per group for histology analysis, N ≥ 4 per group for western blot assay.