Table 2.
Analyses on the associated risk of individual categories of heart defects with the use of macrolides compared with the use of penicillin in the first trimester
| Individual categories of heart defect (ICD-10 codes) | No of defects (per 1000 pregnancies) | Relative risk ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Macrolides (n=13 017) | Penicillin (n=13 017) | ||
| Defects of cardiac chambers and connections (Q20.0-20.9) | 18 (1.4) | 11 (0.8) | 1.64 (0.77 to 3.46) |
| Cardiac septa defects (Q21.0-21.9) | 98 (7.5) | 106 (8.1) | 0.92 (0.70 to 1.22) |
| Pulmonary and tricuspid valve defects (Q22.0-22.9) | 16 (1.2) | 11 (0.8) | 1.46 (0.68 to 3.13) |
| Aortic and mitral valve defects (Q23.0-23.9) | 10 (0.8) | 4 (0.3) | 2.50 (0.78 to 7.97) |
| Other heart defects (Q24.0-24.9) | 22 (1.7) | 24 (1.8) | 0.92 (0.51 to 1.63) |
| Defects of the great arteries (Q25.0-25.9) | 12 (0.9) | 12 (0.9) | 1.00 (0.45 to 2.23) |
Association with the individual categories of heart defects: defects of the great veins (Q26), other defects of the peripheral vascular system (Q27), and other defects of the circulatory system (Q28) were not analysed separately because of the small number of defects. Of note, heart defects with the following ICD-10 codes were considered minor defects according to the EUROCAT classification system and were not included in the outcome definition: Q2111, Q246, Q250 if gestational age less than 37 weeks, Q2541, Q256 if gestational age less than 37 weeks, and Q261.