Table 1.
CAG on brain and/or erythrocyte AChE inhibition toxicological characterisation of the active substances for chronic risk assessment
| Active substance | Indicator of specific effect | NO(A)EL mg/kg bw | LO(A)EL mg/kg bw | Study (as referenced in the source) | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acephate | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.25 | 2.5 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1981) Administration via diet |
JMPR 2002 |
| Aldicarb | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.05 | 0.1 |
Acute neurotoxicity rat (■■■■■, 1994b) Administration via gavage |
DAR 1996 |
| Azinphos‐ethyl | AChE inhibition (erythrocyte) | 0.0125 | 0.025 |
90‐day dog (■■■■■, 1963) Administration via diet |
JMPR 1973 |
| Azinphos‐methyl | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.16 | 0.74 |
1‐year dog (■■■■■, 1990) Administration via diet |
DAR 1996, Addendum 6, 2000 (neurotox) |
| Benfuracarb | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 1.81 | 9.4 |
28‐day neurotoxicity rat (■■■■■, 2003) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 |
| Cadusafos | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.045 | 0.22 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1986) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 |
| Carbaryl | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 1 | 10 |
90‐day neurotoxicity rat (■■■■■, 1990) Administration via gavage |
DAR 2004 |
| Carbofuran | AChE inhibition (brain) | 0.015 | 0.03 |
Acute neurotoxicity rat (■■■■■, 2007c) Administration via gavage |
Revised DAR 2008 |
| Carbosulfan | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.5 | 5 |
Acute neurotoxicity rat (■■■■■, 1996, 1982b) Administration via gavage |
Revised DAR 2009 |
| Chlorfenvinphos | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.15 | 15 |
2‐year rat (author not reported, JMPR 1994) Administration via diet |
JMPR 1994 |
| Chlorpyrifos | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.1 | 1 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1988) Administration via diet |
Addenda to the original Assessment Report 2013 |
| Chlorpyrifos‐methyl | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 1 | 50 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■ 1991) Administration via diet |
DAR 1997 EC review report 2005 |
| Diazinon | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.02 | 5.6 |
90‐day dog (■■■■■, 1988) Administration via diet |
EFSA conclusion 2006 |
| Dichlorvos | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.008 | 0.08 | 2‐year dog (■■■■■, 1967) | DAR 2003 |
| Dimethoate | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.1 | 0.2 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1986) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 |
| Ethephon | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 6 | 14 |
28‐day cholinesterase inhibition study in dogs (■■■■■, 2006) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 |
| Ethion | AChE inhibition (brain) | 0.06 | 0.71 |
90‐day dog (■■■■■, 1988) Administration via diet |
JMPR 1990 |
| Ethoprophos | AChE inhibition (brain) | 0.04 | 2.4 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1992a/b) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 |
| Fenamiphos | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.083 | 0.35 |
1‐year dog (■■■■■, 1991) Administration via diet |
DAR 2003 |
| Fenitrothion | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.5 | 1.5 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1974) Administration via diet |
DAR 2003 |
| Fenthion | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.05 | 0.23 |
1‐year dog (■■■■■, 1990 Administration via diet |
DAR 1996 |
| Fonofos | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.2 | 1 |
1‐year dog (■■■■■, 1995) Administration via capsule |
EPA 1999 |
| Formetanate | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.37 | 1.75 |
1‐year dog (■■■■■, 1986) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 EFSA 2006 |
| Fosthiazate | AChE inhibition (brain) | 0.42 | 2.36 | 2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1990) |
DAR 1998 EC review report 2003 |
| Malathion | AChE inhibition (erythrocyte) | 17 | 35 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1996a) and 2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1980) combined Administration via diet |
DAR 2003 |
| Methamidophos | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.1 | 0.22 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1984b) Administration via diet |
DAR 2000 EC review report 2006 |
| Methidathion | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.16 | 0.8 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1986) Administration via diet |
JMPR 1992 |
| Methiocarb | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 1.32 | 6.46 |
90‐day dog (■■■■■, 2000) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 |
| Methomyl | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.25 | 0.5 |
Acute neurotoxicity rat (■■■■■, 1998a) Administration via gavage |
DAR 2004 |
| Monocrotophos | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.005 | 0.05 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1983) Administration via diet |
JMPR 1991 |
| Omethoate | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.027 | 0.04 | 2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1995); supplementary 32‐week rat (■■■■■, 1994) | DAR 2004 (dimethoate) |
| Oxamyl | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.1 | 0.75 |
Acute neurotoxicity rat (■■■■■, 1997) Administration via gavage |
DAR 2003 |
| Oxydemeton‐methyl | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.027 | 0.224 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1984) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 |
| Parathion | AChE inhibition (brain) | 0.25 | 2.5 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1984) Administration via diet |
JMPR 1995 |
| Parathion‐methyl | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.25 | 2.5 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1983) Administration via diet |
DAR 2001 |
| Phenthoate | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.29 | 0.87 |
2‐year dog (■■■■■, 1972) Administration via diet |
JMPR 1980 |
| Phosalone | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.17 | 0.9 |
1‐year dog (■■■■■, 1992) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 |
| Phosmet | AChE inhibition (brain) | 1.1 | 1.8 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1991) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 |
| Phoxim | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.1 | 0.38 |
2‐year dog (■■■■■, 1977) Administration via diet |
JECFA 1999 |
| Pirimicarb | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 10 | 25 |
1‐year dog (■■■■■, 1998) Administration via capsule |
DAR 2003 |
| Pirimiphos‐methyl | AChE inhibition (brain) | 0.4 | 2.1 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1974) Administration via diet |
DAR 2003 |
| Profenofos | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.017 | 0.56 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1981a) Administration via diet |
JMPR 2007 |
| Pyrazophos | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.05 | 0.125 |
2‐year dog (■■■■■, 1976) Administration via diet |
JMPR 1992 |
| Thiodicarb | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 0.5a | 5 |
Acute neurotoxicity rat (■■■■■, 2000d) Administration via gavage |
DAR 2003 |
| Tolclofos‐methyl | AChE inhibition (brain, erythrocytes) | 6.9 | 34 |
2‐year mouse (■■■■■, 1983) Administration via diet |
DAR 2003 |
| Triazophos | AChE inhibition (erythrocytes) | 0.012 | 0.13 |
1‐year dog (■■■■■, 1989) Administration via diet |
JMPR 2002 |
| Trichlorfon | AChE inhibition (brain) | 4.5 | 13.3 |
2‐year rat (■■■■■, 1989) Administration via diet |
DAR 2004 |
NOAEL derived from the LOAEL with an UF of 10.