TABLE 5.

Comparison of lower-limb muscle volumes and cross-sectional areas between experimental and control groups before (pre) and after (post) the 8-week trial.

	Experimental group (n = 15)			Control group (n = 12)			ANCOVA
	Pre	Post	% Δ	Pre	Post	% Δ	p	D (Cohen)
Leg muscle volume (L)	9.2 ± 1.5	9.7 ± 1.6	6.26 ± 8.53	10.9 ± 2.9	10.9 ± 2.6	–0.3 ± 3	0.087	0.73
Thigh muscle volume (L)	6.1 ± 1.3	6.6 ± 1.3	8.19 ± 8.36	8.3 ± 2.6	8.3 ± 2.3	0.7 ± 4.8	0.341	0.40
Mean thigh CSA (cm2)	155 ± 26	160 ± 21	3.78 ± 10.19	201 ± 64	202 ± 55	1.4 ± 6.8	0.352	0.39
Maximal thigh CSA (cm2)	226 ± 30	247 ± 34*	9.89 ± 9.40	272 ± 48	270 ± 45	–0.6 ± 3.7	0.028	0.95
Body fat %	23.5 ± 4.3	22.0 ± 4.4	–6.3 ± 6.1	27.8 ± 3.6	27.0 ± 3.6	–2.6 ± 7.0	0.171	0.58

ANCOVA, analysis of covariance assessed the statistical significance of intergroup differences.

*p < 0.05.