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. 2021 Jan 18;11:601647. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.601647

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Copyright © 2021 Micera, Balzamino, Di Zazzo, Dinice, Bonini and Coassin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Flowchart summarizing the main steps of precision medicine. (A), (B) Biostrumental parameters’ acquisition by computerized tomography. Representative image showing retinal layers (A) with a red square schematized in (B). Retinal insult is followed by the release of a plethora of inflammatory mediators that can be quantified according to different sampling route (C). Samples can be appropriately processed to release RNA, DNA, or proteins (D), according to different new and old generation techniques (E). The main biomarkers used as outcome indicator are listed in (E).